Born 24 Oct 1744. Died 18 April 1822.
Samuel Varley of Clerkenwell was a watchmaker,instrument maker, and scientist.
1825 Samuel Varley's method of cutting screws in the lathe was described by his nephew Cornelius Varley [1]. The lathe spindle was provided with several short threaded portions which provided a range of thread pitches (four are shown in the illustration). A guide pin, pushed into contact with the selected threaded portion, was clamped to a flat bar which could slide parallel to the axis of the lathe. The other end of this flat bar carried a tool holder. This held a form tool (a chasing tool) which was manually pushed against the workpiece. The guide pin and the toolholder were supported on the underside.
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