Difference between revisions of "John Marshall"
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In 1796, he was a partner (with Thomas Benyon, Benjamin Benyon, and Charles Bage) in building a flax mill at Ditherington near Shrewsbury, which was the first iron-framed building in the world. | In 1796, he was a partner (with Thomas Benyon, Benjamin Benyon, and Charles Bage) in building a flax mill at Ditherington near Shrewsbury, which was the first iron-framed building in the world. | ||
By 1804 Marshall had grown dissatisfied with his minority holding; he bought | By 1804 Marshall had grown dissatisfied with his minority holding; he bought out the Benyons. He appointed two men from the works as junior partners, John Hives and William Hutton, who were later joined by a third, Moses Atkinson. | ||
1815 Built his country seat Hallsteads, near Watermillock on the shore of Ullswater in the Lake District. | 1815 Built his country seat Hallsteads, near Watermillock on the shore of Ullswater in the Lake District. | ||
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In 1827, Marshall became a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons. | In 1827, Marshall became a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons. | ||
1828 John Marshall, by then a prominent local flax-spinner, gave support to a new arrival in Leeds, [[Peter Fairbairn]], who had ideas about improving flax-spinning machinery. Marshall promised to replace his old machines with Fairbairn's as fast as they could be turned out. Fairbairn said that he had neither workshop nor money; Marshall encouraged him to take the Wellington foundry at the New Road End, which was then to let. In time Fairbairn became independent of Marshall's support. | |||
1836-40 Adjacent to Marshall's Mill, he built his most ambitious | 1830 Marshall resigned his seat in Parliament due to ill health and retired to Hallstead, his country home | ||
1836-40 Adjacent to Marshall's Mill, he built his most ambitious flax mill, the [[Temple Mill, Leeds]]. | |||
1841 Living at Upper Grosvenor street, London (age 75), Flax spinner. With wife Jane (age 70) and children Cordelia (age 35) and Susan Harriet (age 25). Living next door are William and Mary Wordsworth, both in their seventies. <ref>1841 Census</ref> | 1841 Living at Upper Grosvenor street, London (age 75), Flax spinner. With wife Jane (age 70) and children Cordelia (age 35) and Susan Harriet (age 25). Living next door are William and Mary Wordsworth, both in their seventies. <ref>1841 Census</ref> | ||
Latest revision as of 08:35, 22 April 2023
John Marshall (1765-1845) of Holbeck and Adel. Founder of Marshall and Co, flax spinners.
1765 July 27th. Marshall was born at 1, Briggate, Leeds, the son of Jeremiah (1731–1787), a linen draper, and his wife Mary (1728–1799), whose father was John Cowper of Yeadon. He was their only child who survived infancy. He was baptised on the 17th August at Mill Hill Chapel, Leeds
1782 Marshall joined the family business when he was seventeen.
1787 Five years later his father died and Marshall became the controlling partner in the company. He inherited a new house, a warehouse, and £7,500. Shortly before his father's death, Marshall heard that two men from Darlington, John Kendrew, a glass-grinder, and Thomas Porthouse, a watchmaker, had registered a patent for a new flax spinning machine. Marshall visited the men and purchased the right to make copies of their invention. He spent much of the next decade trying to improve the performance of the machines but found little success until he recruited engineer Matthew Murray.
1788 After obtaining two partners, Samuel Fenton, a Unitarian draper, and Ralph Dearlove, a linen merchant, Marshall leased Scotland Mill at Adel, near Leeds and Marshall, Fenton and Co began spinning flax yarns
1789 Matthew Murray with his wife, Mary, (1764-1836), moved to Leeds in 1789 to work for John Marshall, a prominent flax manufacturer. He built the machinery for Marshall's mills at Adel in 1789 and the Holbeck in 1791.
In 1790, he bought the freehold of an acre of land on Water Lane in Holbeck near Leeds. This was an ideal location for a mill because of its proximity to the Leeds and Liverpool Canal and the Aire and Calder Navigation.
The short-lived partnership with Samuel Fenton and Ralph Dearlove ended; they were subsequently replaced by Thomas Benyon and Benjamin Benyon, Shrewsbury woollen merchants.
Between 1791 and 1792, he constructed Marshall's Mill, Leeds
c1795 John Marshall married Jane Pollard, daughter of a William Pollard, a Halifax wool-stapler and linen-merchant. Her three spinster sisters (Ann, Catharine and Eleanor) moved to a house named Old Church, near Hallsteads, by 1829. Jane had met Dorothy Wordsworth while Dorothy was at school in Halifax, and there are references to visits to Hallsteads and Old Church in Dorothy and William Wordsworth's correspondence.
1795 With Murray, Fenton and Wood established the Round Foundry in Leeds
By 1795, the Benyons had a controlling interest in the partnership with Marshall; they built Ditherington Flax Mill at Shrewsbury for making thread.
In 1796, he was a partner (with Thomas Benyon, Benjamin Benyon, and Charles Bage) in building a flax mill at Ditherington near Shrewsbury, which was the first iron-framed building in the world.
By 1804 Marshall had grown dissatisfied with his minority holding; he bought out the Benyons. He appointed two men from the works as junior partners, John Hives and William Hutton, who were later joined by a third, Moses Atkinson.
1815 Built his country seat Hallsteads, near Watermillock on the shore of Ullswater in the Lake District.
1824 Marshall was involved in the founding of the Leeds Mechanics Institute
In 1826, he began a campaign to establish Leeds University. Marshall also gave money to the Leeds Library.
In 1827, Marshall became a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons.
1828 John Marshall, by then a prominent local flax-spinner, gave support to a new arrival in Leeds, Peter Fairbairn, who had ideas about improving flax-spinning machinery. Marshall promised to replace his old machines with Fairbairn's as fast as they could be turned out. Fairbairn said that he had neither workshop nor money; Marshall encouraged him to take the Wellington foundry at the New Road End, which was then to let. In time Fairbairn became independent of Marshall's support.
1830 Marshall resigned his seat in Parliament due to ill health and retired to Hallstead, his country home
1836-40 Adjacent to Marshall's Mill, he built his most ambitious flax mill, the Temple Mill, Leeds.
1841 Living at Upper Grosvenor street, London (age 75), Flax spinner. With wife Jane (age 70) and children Cordelia (age 35) and Susan Harriet (age 25). Living next door are William and Mary Wordsworth, both in their seventies. [1]
1845 June 6th. Death at Hallstead, Penrith age 79. His first manufactory was at Scotland Mill, three or four miles from Leeds, and later at he built the large mills at Water Lane and at Shrewsbury. He had five sons and six daughters and homes at Hallstead, London and Headingley. [2]
Marshall's estate, after his death at Hallsteads in 1845, was assessed variously as between £1.5 million and £2.5 million. He was buried in the church adjoining Hallsteads.
Children
- William - born 26th August 1796 in Leeds. 1851 M.P. Living in Eaton Square, London with wife Georgina C. and two children.
- John - born 28th December 1797 in Leeds
- Mary Ann - born 17th September 1799 in Leeds
- Catherine - born 21st November 1800 in Leeds
- James Garth - born 20th February 1802 in Leeds
- Cordelia - born 2nd June 1803 in Leeds
- Jane Dorothea - born 20th September 1804 in Leeds
- Ellen - born 19th July 1806 in Leeds
- Henry Cowper - born 8th March 1808 in Leeds
- Julia Anne - born 27th June 1809 in Leeds
- Susan Harriet - born c1816
Marshall and Jane had eleven children. Their eldest son William was MP for Beverley, Carlisle and East Cumberland. Their second son John was MP for Leeds 1832–1835, and third son James Garth held the same seat 1847–1852. The fourth son, Henry Cowper, was Mayor of Leeds 1842–1843. Their daughter Julia Anne (1809–1841) married Rev. Henry Venn Elliott in 1833 and wrote the words for several hymns in her husband's publication Psalms and Hymns for Public, Private and Social Worship (1835): she was not acknowledged until the third printing (1839) when her initials were added in the index.