1862 London Exhibition: Catalogue: Class 7.: John Hetherington and Sons

Carding Engine

Self-acting Mule

1511. HETHERINGTON, JOHN, and SONS, Vulcan Works, Manchester.

Cotton cleaning, preparing, combing, and spinning machinery.

MACHINES EXHIBITED.

A SINGLE SCUTCHING MACHINE, suitable for making laps for 40-in. cards, with enlarged fan, and improved grid bars and beater, specially adapted for surats or leafy cotton, previously opened in their improved opening machine with four porcupine beaters.

THREE CARDING ENGINES, each 40 in. on the wire:-

1. CARDING ENGINE, with main cylinder 45 in. diameter, doffer 22 in. diameter, 6 working rollers, 6 clearers with draw-box and coiling motion; also 3 takers-in, with self-acting apparatus for working the lower one at variable speeds, so that when at the maximum speed it strips or cleans the main cylinder. This card is also fitted with improved doffing knife, and also under casings for saving the fly.

2. CARDING ENGINE, with main cylinder 401 in. diameter, doffer 18 in., with rollers, clearers, and taker-in, combined with patent self-stripping flats, arranged to be cleaned by a brush. The frequency with which the flats are cleaned may be varied to suit the class of cotton used. It has also an improved doffing knife.

3. CARDING ENGINE, With main cylinder, doffer, and taker-in. In this card, two new and important improvements (Rivett's patent) are exhibited.

First; a novel method of making the rollers revolve with a peculiar advancing and receding movement, which facilitates their being stripped by a stationary comb or knife.

Second; an improved means of stripping or cleaning the main cylinder, which by the arrangement of mechanism is self-acting, and brought into operation at certain intervals as desired. The main cylinder has a reverse motion applied to it, and a revolving brush is brought into contact with it, which thoroughly brushes out the wire on the cylinder.

These three cards have been selected to show some of the most recent improvements, but any of these motions is either applied singly to the usual card, or otherwise modified and combined with each other.

DRAWING FRAME of 1 head or 4 deliveries, with coiling motion and stop motion at the back, and also at the front for stopping the machine when either the feeding or delivery is deranged.

These machines are made with any required number of heads, and deliveries in each he ad.

SLUBBING FRAME of 60 spindles, 10 by 5 in. bobbin, with 3 lines of rollers, and single centrifugal presser.

ROVING FRAME of 120 spindles, 7 by 3.5 in. bobbin, with 3 lines of rollers, and single centrifugal presser.

These machines are made with increased length of spindle, and reversed bottom rail, so as to reduce the height of the frame; and they have cones of increased size, with an arrangement adapted for extra long strap. These may be taken as examples of this class of machines — they are made with various numbers of spindles, and the size of bobbin is adapted to suit various numbers of yarns, and ranges from 11 by 5 in. to 4 by 2.25 in. accordingly.

THROSTLE FRAME of 232 spindles, 2 in. lift; the spindles are driven by bands from 2 tin cylinders, but are made to be driven by bands from single tin cylinder; or when required, by list or tapes from single tin cylinder and carrying pulleys.

These frames are made with various numbers of spindles and sizes of bobbins, and the doubling frame usually employed for making sewing thread or other doubled yarn is a modification of this machine.

SELF—ACTING MULE, Hetherington and Robertson's patent, with 400 spindles, but they may be made with any number of spindles up to 1,200 in each mule.

This mule is shown in the annexed woodcut, and is distinguished by its simplicity of construction, less power required for driving it, regularity of twist in the yarn, increased production, and economy in working. The power is transmitted direct to the tin cylinder, and from thence force for propelling the various motions is distributed. The rim band, as used in other mules, and through which the greater proportion of the power required has to pass, is dispensed with, and a considerable expense from its constant wear and tear saved; the irregularity of twist from variation in tension, produced by different temperatures and other causes on these bands, is avoided; and as in this improved mule the drawing rollers are directly geared with the tin cylinders, an uniform twist may be relied on, and the yarn can be limited to the minimum requisite amount of twist, and an equal production secured with slower speed of spindle, and consequently a saving of power; or by driving a spindle at the usual speed a proportionably increased production of yarn of superior quality, from its uniformity of twist, is obtained. The backing-off (i.e. the stopping and reversing of the spindles) is effected through a simple friction pulley on the tin cylinder shaft, instead of being conveyed through the rim band, and is consequently more rapidly and accurately performed. The rack pinion for moving the carriage outwards is driven from the gearing to the roller, and a positive proportionate speed obtained. The quadrant for regulating the winding- on is geared with the carriage motion, and the bands dispensed with. The cam shaft is driven by a positive motion, securing accuracy in all the changes of the mule. Great simplicity of construction is secured by having all the motions in the immediate vicinity of where they are required.

COTTON COMBING MACHINE of six heads and drawing head on Heilman's principle, with Hetherington's improvements.

Prices may be had on application to the Works.

Slotting Machine

1618. HETHERINGTON, JOHN, and SONS, Vulcan Works, Pollard Street, Manchester.

Tools.

THE FOLLOWING ARE EXHIBITED:-

12-IN. SELF-ACTING SLIDE AND SCREW-CUTTING LATHE, with fast and following back-geared headstocks, fitted upon planed cast-iron bed 12 ft. long, with case-hardened spindle in conical bearing; with carriage for screw-cutting or sliding, traversed by means of a regulator or guide screw, and rack for hand traverse, including change wheels; also compound slide rest and improved screwing stay. Each lathe is supplied with 2 face-plates, Clement's driver, tool rest, boring rest, screw keys, and the driving apparatus.

VERTICAL RADIAL DRILLING AND BORING MACHINE, with self-acting feed motion. The drill is adjustable on a radial arm, movable through an arc of 280 degrees from a radius of 2 ft. 6 in. to 6 ft.; traverse of spindle 12 in.; vertical stroke of jib 2 ft.; capable of taking in an object 6 ft. from the floor; with holding-down bolts, screw keys, and the driving apparatus.

SLOTTING MACHINE WITH VARIABLE STROKE up to 14 in. self-acting longitudinal and transverse slides, and self-acting revolving worm table, and also adjustable table for giving the requisite taper to key beds. It is adapted for grooving wheels, also for paring and shaping objects externally and internally. Each machine is supplied with screw keys, and the driving apparatus.

COMPLETE SET OF HAND SCREWING TACKLE, from 0.5 to 14 in. Whitworth's thread.

Prices may be learned by application at the Works.

See Also

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• 1862 London Exhibition: Catalogue: Class 7