Theodore Gordon Ellyson
Commander Theodore Gordon "Spuds" Ellyson, USN (27 February 1885 - 27 February 1928) was the first United States Navy officer designated as an aviator ("Naval Aviator No. 1").
Ellyson served in the experimental development of aviation in the years before and after World War I. He also spent several years before the war as part of the Navy's new submarine service. A recipient of the Navy Cross for his aviation service in World War I, Ellyson died in 1928 when his aircraft crashed over the Chesapeake Bay.
Born in Richmond, Virginia, Ellyson entered the United States Naval Academy in 1901 and graduated with the class of 1905. During the five years following his graduation, he served on USS Texas and USS Missouri; as Watch and Division Officer of USS Pennsylvania and later USS Colorado; and on USS West Virginia, USS Rainbow, and USS Shark on the Asiatic Station.
After his return to the United States in April 1910, he commanded the USS Tarantula until November of that year, and then had duty in connection with fitting out the submarine USS Seal at Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company. He commanded her briefly after her commissioning on 2 December 1910.
In December 1910, Ellyson was ordered to Los Angeles, California for instruction in aviation under Glenn Curtiss. While there, he cooperated with Curtiss in the design of a pontoon for aircraft and became the first passenger to go aloft in a floatplane when he made a flight in February 1911, with Curtiss at the controls. Later that month, he participated in experiments demonstrating the potential use of floatplanes from ships, when the aircraft was hoisted onboard USS Pennsylvania and subsequently lowered to the water for its return flight to North Island.
From the time Ellyson began instruction in aviation until 29 April 1913, he devoted all of his time to active flying and experimental work in aviation. This included the establishment of Naval Aviation Camps at Annapolis in September 1911 when, with then-Lieutenant John H. Towers, he flew an aircraft from Annapolis to Milford Haven, Virginia, a non-stop distance record for float planes.
Ellyson established the Naval Aviation Camp at San Diego in 1911, receiving flight instruction from aviation pioneer Glenn Curtiss.
In 1917, he had duty at the Naval Academy and with the Midshipmen on cruise on USS Wyoming and USS Kansas. On 14 February 1918, he was detached for duty at the Submarine Chaser Base, New London, Connecticut and in June arrived in London, England for duty with a submarine chaser squadron at U.S. Naval Base 27 at Plymouth, England.
Ellyson was awarded the Navy Cross for distinguished service in World War I, for his development of successful tactics for the submarine chasers based at Plymouth, England.
Following the Armistice in 1918, he remained in the European Area, commanding Nucleus Crew 14 (zeppelin) from March to May 1919. Upon his arrival in the United States, he assisted in fitting out the destroyer USS J. Fred Talbott at William Cramp and Sons, and served on that vessel as commanding officer from the time of her commissioning in June 1919 until July 1920. During the next five months he commanded USS Little and USS Brooks.
On 10 January 1921. he was ordered to Hampton Roads, Virginia to serve for eight months as Executive Officer of the Naval Air Station, Naval Operating Base. The Bureau of Aeronautics was established in the Navy Department on 1 September 1921, and on 21 October, Commander Ellyson became Head of the Plans Division of that Bureau. He remained in that assignment until December 1922, when he became Aviation Member of the U.S. Naval Mission to Brazil, cooperating in the reorganization of the Brazilian Navy. He returned to the Bureau of Aeronautics in May 1925.
On 20 July 1925, he assumed command of Torpedo Squadron 1 and from March to June 1926 was Executive Officer of USS Wright, a seaplane tender. On 23 June 1926, he was ordered to duty in connection with the fitting out of USS Lexington, the Navy's second aircraft carrier, and was on board when she was placed in commission.
Commander Ellyson was killed on 27 February 1928, his 43rd birthday, in the crash of an aircraft in the lower Chesapeake Bay while on a night flight from Norfolk, Virginia to Annapolis, Maryland.
In 1941, the destroyer USS Ellyson was named in his honor. The vessel was launched 25 July 1941 by Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Kearny, N.J.; sponsored by the Commander's daughter, Miss Gordon Ellyson. The ship was commissioned on 28 November 1941, Lieutenant Commander J.B. Rooney in command.
In 1961, Ellyson was designated the recipient of the Gray Eagle Award for the period 1911 to 1928, when he was the senior active Naval Aviator.
In 1964, Ellyson was enshrined in the National Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton, Ohio.