Grace's Guide To British Industrial History

Registered UK Charity (No. 115342)

Grace's Guide is the leading source of historical information on industry and manufacturing in Britain. This web publication contains 162,356 pages of information and 244,505 images on early companies, their products and the people who designed and built them.

Grace's Guide is the leading source of historical information on industry and manufacturing in Britain. This web publication contains 147,919 pages of information and 233,587 images on early companies, their products and the people who designed and built them.

The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Index: Miscellaneous

From Graces Guide
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.
The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Miscellaneous Index.

Note: This is a sub-section of The Engineer 1861 Jan-Jun: Index

View the 1861 Jan-Jun Volumes

  • Academy, Engineering at the, 300
  • of Fine Arts, 320
  • Sciences, 14, 20, 21, 47, 61, 73, 98, 132, 161, 189, 256, 258, 311, 320, 341, 370
  • Accident from Blasting, 275
  • to the Steamship Columbia, 342
  • Accidents, Railway, 18, 19, 36, 48, 55, 59, 75, 161, 369 393
  • Acclimatisation. 117
  • Achilles, the. 305, 320
  • Admiralty Contracts. 363
  • and iron Ships, the, 175
  • Management, 288
  • Aerating and Heating Apparatus, Tylor's, :i44
  • Aert's Water Axle Box, 53
  • Agricultural Engines, 43
  • Engineers and the Agricultural Society, 313
  • Machines, Cockey's, 200
  • Algerian Railways, 328
  • Alizarine, Artificial, 384
  • Almanack, Royal insurance Company, 67
  • Alpacas in Australia, the, 246
  • Aluminium at Greenland, 868
  • America, 5
  • North, Railways in, 344
  • Trade with, 332
  • Telegraph to, 57, 88, 118, 157, 189, 202, 219, 238, 263, 276
  • American Anthracite Coal Burning Locomotive, If o 15-inch c *union. 327
  • Engineer and Philosopher, the, 214
  • Implements and Economic Contrivances, 213, 218

AMERICAN ITEMS:

  • City Railway Matters in the United States, 7
  • Street Railways, Cast Iron, 7
  • American Labour Saving Machinery, :if;
  • Mails, the, 295
  • Milking Apparatus, 858
  • Patent laws, 1 8, 199
  • Steam Guns, 851
  • Steamships, Line, New, 270
  • Tariff, 186
  • Animacule. a New, 187
  • Angles, Trisection of, 304, 321, 834, 840, 361, 375
  • Anthracite Coal-Burning Locomotive, American, 90, 92
  • Armour Cased Ships, 27
  • Plates of the Iron Frigates, 387
  • Armstrong Gun at Shoeburyness, 47
  • Guns, 156
  • in the Navy, 117
  • Rifled Bolt, 375
  • and Whitworth, 238, :302
  • Art Manufactures, 346

ASSOCIATION OF FOREMEN ENGINEERS :—

  • Monthly Meeting, 22
  • Resistance of Cast Iron to Internal Pressure, by Mr. J. Briggs. 89, 153
  • Association, Manchester Boiler. 216.:334
  • for the Prevention of Steam Boiler Explosions, 89, 147, 365 •
  • Assurance. Railway Passenger.', 161
  • Atmospheric Electricity, 99. 113
  • Australia, the Alpacas in, 246
  • Aveling's Self-Propelling Agricultural Engines, 12o
  • Axle Box, Water, Aert's, 53
  • Boxes, Blackburn and Carr's, 387
  • Wendell's, 3:,9
  • Axles and Axle Boxes, Partridge’s, 170
  • Bamlett's Reaping and Mowing Machines, 70
  • Band Saw, the, 121, 135
  • Bank of England, the, 270
  • Notes, Cancelling, 352
  • Bankruptcy. Financial Reform, 169
  • Banks, Joint Stock. 161
  • Barker's Pumps. 288
  • Steam &winos, 883
  • Barnsley, Munificent Present to, 244
  • Barometers. Metallic, Newton's, 23
  • Barometric Indications, 69
  • Barometrical Column at Certain Seasons of the Year, Abnormal Disturbances of the, 3
  • Barrett's Machinery for Casting, 152
  • Batteries, Floating. 105
  • Battery, Railway, 332
  • Bayonets, New, 150
  • Beacons, Floating. 149, 184
  • Bearings, Thrust. Renwick's, 217
  • Beck's Stop Valves. 353
  • Belting India Rubber, Cheever's, 201
  • Benson's High Pressure Steam Boilers 89
  • Generator, 220
  • Bessemer Process in India, 130
  • Bingley's Hydraulic Presses. 230
  • Birkenhead, Street Railways, 12
  • Bisulphuret of Carbon in Gas, 21
  • Blackburn and Carr's Axle Boxes, 387
  • Black Prince, the, 103
  • Blakeley Cannon the, 388
  • Blake's Bouts and Shoes. 260
  • Blast Furnace Gases, Taking off, 263
  • Furnaces, :32
  • Pipe, the Variable, 279, 293
  • Blasting. Accident from, 215
  • by Electricity, 231. 274
  • 1310w-offs for Boilers, Surface, Renwick's. 231
  • Boat for Expeditionary Purposes, a Novel, 69
  • Lowering Apparatus, Taylor's, 289
  • Boats, Ferry, on the American Model, 200
  • Gun and Mortar, 170
  • Bo(liner's Washing Machinery, 86
  • 13o;lcr Explosions, 35, 61, 98. 136. 148, 237, 249, 251, 2)4, 304, 346. 349, 352, 359, 360, 375, 388
  • in the Court, 281, 286
  • High Pressure Steam, Benson's, 89
  • Tubes, Machinery for, Green and Asbury's. 216
  • Boilers. Multitubular, Dampers for, Fletcher's, 87
  • Steam, Tray's, 102
  • Strength of, 91
  • Tubular, 41, 73
  • Bolt and Screw Machines, Horton's, 260
  • Bone. Growth of, 99
  • Bonfires, Railway, 377
  • Boots and Shoes, Blake's, 260
  • Boring and Tapping Pipes, Upward's, 8
  • Wells, 221
  • Bower's Metallic Pistons, 5
  • Pistons, 91
  • Brakes, Friction, 7.5
  • Railway, Purchas', 217
  • for Winding Engines, Rollinson's, 372
  • Bray's Traction Engines, 77
  • Bread Making, 20
  • Breakwaters, Grant's, 22
  • and Piers, Webb's, 74
  • Piers, and Quays, Miller's, 278 13rocehr loading Rifle Gun, 52
  • Brick Machines, 48
  • Brickhill and Noble's Screw Propellers, 22
  • Brickmaking and Fuel Compressing Machinery, Conillard's, 106
  • Brick-making Machine, Eccles', 241;
  • Brick-making. Hart's, 186
  • by steam, 196
  • British Association, 834
  • Coalfield* 116
  • Bridge to Lambeth, New 344
  • from Lambeth to Westminster, Proposed, 135
  • Victoria, at, Pimlico, 271
  • Railway, over the Rhine, 189
  • Inaugurating, :113
  • Railway, over the Thames, Pimlico, 352
  • Bridges, Railway, 265, 388
  • Suspension, 280
  • Timber, Railway, 120
  • Turner and Oilman's, 136
  • Bronze Coinage, the New, 357
  • Buda Wrought Iron Lighthouse, 89
  • Buenos Ayres, 386
  • Ayrean Railway, 92
  • Building In New York, Marine Steam Engine, 211
  • Buildings at Chatham, Now, 105
  • Lofty, 289
  • Portable, Chesterton, 261
  • Bulwarks, Iron plated, 876
  • Burning of Coal instead of Coke in Locomotive Engines, by Mr. Chas. Markham. 37, 44. 45
  • Burn's Tramrail for Street Railways, 303, 314
  • Cable, Atlantic, 187
  • Rangoon and Singapore, 21. 28, 40, 54, 76
  • Cables, Chain, 278
  • Spring, Muntz's, 24.
  • Submarine. 118, 376, 3S8
  • Telegraphic. 9
  • Calvert's Engines and Boilers, 264
  • Machinery for Preparing Cotton, 275
  • Canada. Emigration to, 327
  • Engineering Work in, 100
  • The Growth of, 327
  • Canadian Malls, 111
  • Canal, Suez, 4, 320, 330
  • Canals, their History and Construction, 8t;
  • Indian, 331
  • Cancelling Bank Note., 352
  • Cannon, Blakely, the, 388
  • Breech Loading, 277
  • Cannon, Lancaster. Brown, and Hughes', 87
  • Monster, American, 15 inch, 327
  • The now Mortar, 144
  • Rifled Cast and Iron, 9
  • Carpet Manufacture, the, 86
  • Carriages for street Railways, Castor's, 313
  • cartridge, Percussion Blasting, 191
  • Case Hardening Process, Cazanave's, 261
  • Casting Machinery, Barrett’s, 152
  • Cast Iron, Resistance of, to internal Pressure, 89, 153
  • Castor's Carriages for Street Railways 845
  • Cazanave’s Case Hardening Process, 261
  • Celtic Remains, 77
  • Cement, a Now. 371
  • Census, the, 295, 874
  • The forthcoming, 84
  • Centrifugal Machines, Fryer's, 200
  • Century of Coining, a, 160, 201, 216, 2G2, 205, 310
  • Chaff Cutter, Cockey’s Patent, 235
  • Chains, Machine made, 80
  • Stren4th of Wire Ropes and, 51, 67
  • Chairs, Railway, Heindryekx's, 71
  • Sweet's, 230
  • Chaplin and Horne's, Messrs., Warehouse, 87
  • Charity School Dress, 272
  • Charter to Dig for Coal, 169
  • Chatham, Now Buildings at, 105
  • Dockyard, 338
  • Improvements at. 116
  • Cheever's India-rubber Bolting, 201
  • Chesterton% Portable Buildings, 261
  • China, 14
  • Chinese Laws and Customs, 48
  • City Railways, 174, 241
  • Civil Engineers' Social Status, 176

CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERS' SOCIETY :—

  • Canals, their history and Construction, by Mr. J. S. Allen, 68
  • Foundry. on the, by Mr. A. F. Yarrow, 130
  • Locomotive Steam Engine, Power on Common Roads by C. B. King, 871, 385
  • Metallurgy of Iron, by O. C. Fraser, 3
  • Steam Cultivation, by Mr. J. B. Hilditch. 285
  • Street Traffic of London, the Best Means of Relieving the, by Mr. W. Butt, 229 •
  • Tunnelling, by W. J. Allen, 172, 815
  • Clarke, Pollock, and White's Spinning and Twisting, 31)3
  • Clark's Outside Shop tights, 872
  • Clay's Improvements in Scarifying Land, 71
  • Claiming Grain, Young's Apparatus. 8
  • Clegg. Wild, and Tomlinson’s Machines for Pressing Cotton, 802
  • Clock, Westminster, 110
  • Clyde Shipbuilding. the, 291. 805

Coal,

  • a Charter to Dig for, 169
  • Export of, 257, 280
  • Fields, British, 116
  • French, 23
  • Indian, 902
  • Nerbudda Valley, 2
  • Productive Cargo of, 275
  • Supply to the Metropolis, the, 241
  • Trade, the, 116, 246, 257, 320, 384
  • Trade, Welsh, 161
  • Burning Locomotives, 203
  • Anthracite, 92
  • by Mr. Charles Markham, 37, 44, 45
  • Pits, Draining, '235, 249, 265, 279, 293
  • Coast Defences, 378
  • Cocks 's Agricultural Machines, 200
  • Patent Chaff Cutter, 295
  • Coinage the Now, 23
  • The New Bronze, 357
  • New, for Italy, 64 211
  • Coining, a Century of, 160. 201, 246, 262, 295, 310
  • Coking in Ovens, a New Mode, '285
  • Cole's Iron Cased Ships of War, 102
  • College, Proposed Now, 332
  • Collieries, Flooding of, 986
  • Collins, Mr., the Electro-Slock Printing, 235
  • Coloured Rain, 61
  • Columbia, the, 220
  • Accident to the, 342
  • Compass, Deviation of, in Iron and other Vessels, 169
  • Improvement in, 61
  • Question, the Ship's 192 '
  • Compensating Pendulums, 239
  • Condensation in Sum o Cylinders, 25, 75, 104
  • Surface, 183. 191, 198, 308
  • Condensers, Rowan's, 2.51
  • Surface, 218. 283
  • &Mac°, and Perkins', 275, 285
  • Conduction of Heat by Gases, by G. Magnus, 91
  • Conservation of Force, 321
  • of Force to Organic Nature, the Application of the Land of the, 301, 815
  • Contracts, Admiralty 363
  • Engineering, 123
  • Cooke's Ventilators, 372
  • Copper, Rolled, Changes of Density, by Hammering and Annealing. 184
  • Cornish Engines, 281, 861
  • Granite, 246
  • Cottage. a Dorsetshire, 202
  • Cotter Drilling Machine, 01, 121, 172, 188
  • Cotton !lidos. Iron Bound, 108
  • from India, 123
  • Machines for Preparing, Clegg, Wild, and Tomlinson's, 302
  • Preparing, Machinery for. Calvert's, 275
  • and Spinning, Higgins and Whitworth's, 333
  • The Stool of,
  • The Supply of, 76, 1145, 378
  • Conillard and Mazeline's Brickmaking and Fuel Compressing Machinery, 106
  • Craddock s improvements. 218
  • Cranes, Skinner and 294
  • Croup. 86, 110
  • Cruise, a Long, 316
  • Crumlin Viaduct, 804, 884
  • Cultivation, Steam, 285
  • Cunard Picot, the, 898
  • Curves at Transitions of Curvature, Junction of Railway, by Mr. W. Froude, 17, 129, 149
  • Cyanogen Steel, 262
  • Cycloid, the Length of, 249, 279
  • Cylinders, Double and Single, 319, 334
  • Daft and Pole's Fish Joints of Railways, 387
  • Dalton on Heat, and Steam, 222
  • Dampers for Multitubular Boilers, Fletchers, 87

DEATH :—

  • Fairbairn, Sir Peter, 29
  • Decay of Race. 87
  • Defences, Coast, 378
  • the National, 257, 205
  • Defiance, the, 305
  • Deodorising Sewage, 43
  • Diligent, Steam Dredging Vessel, 318
  • Distilling Sea Water, Perkins' Apparatus. 201
  • Diving Apparatus used in, Pautard's, '27 6
  • Dockyard, Chatham, 338
  • Dockyards, the Government, 309
  • her Majesty's, 205
  • v. Private Building Yards, Dodd's Machinery for Shaping Metals, 187
  • Donnet's Registering Water Motor, 153
  • Double Cylinder Expansive Marine Engines, 307
  • and Single Cylinders, 319, 334
  • Down, Holland Moss, Observations on, 35
  • Drainage, Metropolitan, 203, 303
  • Draining Coal Pits. 235, 2.9,'205, 279, 293
  • Dreyfus' Rolling Mill, 359
  • Drill, the Slotting, 91, 121, 172,
  • Sheds for Volunteers, 14
  • Drilling Machine, Plato, 292
  • of an 011 Mill, Dreadful Story, 299
  • Drinking Fountain to Victoria Park, Miss Coutts's, 308
  • Dumpy Level, Gravatt's Adjustment of, 265, 270, 289, 319, 334, 374
  • Duncan, the, 352
  • Dynamical Effect of Falling Bodies, 310, 310
  • Eades and Worstenholme's Screw Stocks and Dies, 372
  • Earthquake, Great. 283
  • Earth's Central Heat, the, 6, 24.56, 72
  • Eastern Counties Railway, Stokes and Others, v. the, 27, 40
  • Eccles' Brick making Machine, 240
  • Eclipse, the Late, 12
  • of the Sun, 29
  • Economy of Fuel, 6, 24, 41
  • Edge's Steam Engines, 335
  • Edinburgh Castle, Time Gun at, 230
  • Time Signal, 200
  • Edwards' Gas Regulator, 873
  • Electrical Quantity and Intensity, 329
  • Electricity, Atmospheric, 99, 113
  • M. Love's Paper on, 41
  • Electro-Block Printing, Mr. Collins on, 235
  • Culture, 88
  • Plating, 384
  • Elongated Shot, Correct Form of, 73
  • Emigration to Canada, VT Employment., the Search for,
  • Enamelled Steel Shirt Fronts and Collars, 333
  • Encyclopaedias and Explosions, 241

Engine,

  • Air, Ericsson's, 245
  • Stirling's, 83
  • Boiler, and Surface Condenser, 285
  • High Pressure, Expansion, 293
  • Portable, Poway, 145
  • of War, a Now, 379

Engines,

  • Agricultural, 43
  • and Boilers, Calvert's, 264
  • Boring and Turning, Thomson and Fittorrs, 376
  • Carding, Higgins awl Whitworth's, 170
  • Wellman's, 218
  • Combined Cylinder, 3 ;
  • Cornish, 281. 364
  • Expansion, Rowan's, Trial of, 57
  • Gas. Semen's, 243
  • High Pressure Condensing, 236, 27J
  • Expansion, in the Navy, 303
  • Non-condensing, 329
  • Locomotive on Common Roads, 137, 172,. 191, 200, 20S, 218, 238, 311, 385, 3S8
  • Low Pressure Non-condensing, 337
  • Marine, Henderson’s, 862
  • Double-cylinder, Expansive, 307 , ,11
  • Oscillating, 206
  • and Pumps, Muntz's, 23
  • Pumping, Scotch, 283 .4. r':
  • Rotatory, Scheutz's, 373 .1
  • Self-propelling Agricultural, Aveling's, 120
  • Steam, Edge's, 335
  • Barker's, 333
  • Macnab's, 42, 306
  • Wenham’s, 116
  • Traction, Bray's, 77
  • Speed of, 218, 238
  • of the Warrior, 45
  • Engine-drivers and Firemen, 211
  • Engineering, at the Academy, 300
  • Contracts, 123
  • In oho Courts, Railway, 137 )i
  • Education, 176, 280 4441
  • Pre-railway, 337 , .11. Projects, Important, 11
  • Prospects, 340
  • and Shipbuilding Inventions. 00')
  • Works in Canada, 100
  • Engineer and Philosopher, the American, 21-11"fr
  • Engineers Afloat, 40 14,
  • Civil, Social Status, the, 170
  • Institution of Civil, WI Naval, 40, 60, 89, 105, 112, 117, 120, 135, 169, 198, 211, 251, 303
  • Ericsson's Air Engine. 215
  • Evan's Apparatus for Roiling or Changing Metals, 387
  • Example, an Honourable, 43
  • Exhibition Building's, the, 176
  • Materials for, 344
  • the Now, 92, 94, 133, 200, 214, 311, 813, 32
  • Expanding Mandril, 221, 276, 203, 377, 391
  • Shells for Rifled Ordnance, 321
  • Expansion of Steam, 131
  • Expansive Working, 135
  • Explosion, the Risca Colliery, 14
  • Steamboat, :372
  • the Tonnin. 14
  • Explosions, 41f a Whitworth Cannon, 280
  • Association for the Prevention of Steam Boiler 8U, 147. 865
  • Holism 85, 01, 38, 136, 148, 287. 240, 251, 294, 304, 340, 849, 832, 35u. 36u, 37.), 888
  • in this Court, 281, 286
  • Encyclopaedias and, 211
  • Explosive Shells for Med Ordnance, 265
  • Export of Coal, 257, 'MO Trod°, the, 343
  • Expressing Liquids, Geoghegan's Machinery, :306
  • Factory Reports, 144
  • Fairbairn and Barrow's, Self-acting Lathes, 156
  • Fairbairn's Boilers for Preparing Hemp and Flax, 230
  • Fairbairn, Sir Peter, the late. 26, 29
  • Fielden's Self-acting Mules, 103
  • Filtration and Filtering Media, 272
  • Fire-clay Manufacturers, 167
  • Fire-damp in Coal Mines 234
  • Fire Engine, Steam, Trial of a Laud, 2433
  • Fisher’s Chimney Cowls,
  • Fish, a Shower of, 802
  • Joint Patent
  • Joints or Railways, Daft and Pole's, 337
  • Floating Batteries, the, 105 4
  • Beacons, 149. 18
  • of the Quoin Victoria, 77
  • Railway across the Furth and Tay Ferries, 257
  • Fleet, Cunard. the, 393
  • of the Future. the, 185
  • Fletcher's Dampers for Multitubular Boilers, 87
  • Flooding of Collieries, 386
  • rood, Preservation of, 138
  • by Sir Chariot; Elliott, 84
  • Force and Heat, 847, 361
  • Foreign and Colonial Jottings, 14, 23, 47, 61, 80, 04, 110, 174, 228, 283, 286, 813, 310, 332, 351, 370, 387
  • Enterprise, 348, 865, 375
  • Railways, 133, 152
  • Tariffs, 101
  • Forging and Rolling Metals, Pettit, Gaudet, and Co.'s, 316
  • Fortifications at Milford Haven, 119
  • Foundry, on the, 130
  • France, Railway Working in, 393
  • Strikes in, 14
  • Freezing of Pipes,., 73
  • of Water Pipes, 58
  • French Coal, 239
  • Government on the French Navy, 100
  • Iron Cased Gunboats, 2:5
  • Navy, the, 170, 190
  • Ocean Mail Lines. 319
  • Railway Traffic, 171, 193. Railways, 48, 80, 80, 114, 153, 311, 313, 385
  • French Society of Civil Engineers, 102

FRENCH SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS :

  • Inaugural Address, by M. Flachat, 272, 286
  • French Steamers to China. 98
  • Steamers in the East, 311
  • Workmen and their Tools, 50
  • Friction, 205, 218, 238, 251, 203, 279, 200
  • Brakes, 75, of Plates in Steam. 230
  • of Valves. 191
  • Frictional Clearing. :377
  • Friendly and Assurance Societies, 306
  • Frost, the, 21, 23
  • on Iron, the Effects of, 44
  • Fryer's Centrifugal Machines. 200
  • Fuel Compressing and Brick Making Machinery, Couillard and Mazeline's, 100
  • Economy of, U, 24, 41
  • in Making Iron, Water as a, 358
  • Furnaces, Blast, 32
  • Galway Contract, the, 300
  • Harbour, 232
  • the, 317
  • Steamers, the, 238
  • Garibaldi, Bust of, 872
  • Gas, Bisulphuret of Carbon in 21
  • Leakage from Street Mains, 168
  • Sulphur in Coal, 199
  • Water, for Light, History of, 287
  • Burner, Self-regulating, Kukla’s, 186
  • Regulator, 219, 235
  • Regulator, Edwards', 373
  • front Wood, 391
  • %um, Taking off Blast Furnace, 203
  • Gatwood's Permanent Way, 5
  • Gauge, Steam Pressure and Vacuum, Silvester's, 317
  • Gearing, Frictional, 377
  • Generator, High Pressure Steal), 130118001, 220
  • Geometrical Construction of a Regular Heptagon, 105, 118, 135
  • Giffard, Injector, the. 0, 24, 41, 50
  • Gin-seny Root, the, 54
  • Glass, stained. 250
  • Gold Mining, Steam and, 379
  • in Nova Scotia, 330
  • Government Dockyards, the, 300
  • Governors, Mill, 301
  • Steam Engine, 216. 279, :316
  • Grain Cleaning. Young's Appal mils, 8
  • Granite Cornish, 245
  • Grant's Breakwaters, 22
  • Gravatt's Adjustment of the Dumpy Level, 205, 270, 289, 319, 384, 374
  • Gravel Foundations, 135
  • Great Eastern, the, 274, 303, 33 i, 352
  • and Iron-cased War Ships, 121
  • and liar Builder. 809
  • Northern Railway Accident, 18
  • °roam' Slate Dressing Machine, 302
  • Green and Asbury's Machinery tor Boiler Tubes, 210
  • Paper, :303
  • Green's Apparatus for Charging and Draining Gas Retorts. 133
  • Greenwood and Batley’s Wood Machinery. 57
  • Geoghegan's Machinery for Expressing Liquids, 306
  • Growth of Bono, 99
  • Gun, Armstrong, at Shoeburyness, .17
  • Brooch-loading !title, 52
  • and Mortar Boats, 170
  • Steam, 310
  • Whitworth, 84
  • Guns, American Stoat)), 351
  • Armstrong, 150
  • in the Navy, 117
  • Rifled Cast Iron Service, 53
  • Shell, 346
  • Stool, 225
  • Gunboats, Iron-cased, French, 2i5
  • Guards for Locomotive Engines, Wheel, 151
  • Gurney’s Apparatus for Warning and Moistening Air, 187
  • Hammer, Great Steam, 218
  • Harbour, Galway, 28.4
  • at Valetta, 182
  • Harbours of Refuge, 303
  • Hard Working Age, a. 85
  • Harrison's Icemaking Machine, 231
  • Spinning Mules, 132
  • Hart's Brickmaking Machine, 180
  • Health, Disregard of the Laws of, 370
  • Bout, Action of Gases mind Vapours on Radiant, 197
  • Conductions of, by Gases, by G. Magnus, 94
  • the Earth's Control, 0, 24, 50, 72
  • Fore() and, 847, 301
  • and Steam, 72, 104, 107, 118, 134, 138, 151, 15s, 172. '222, 203
  • and Water, 177, 207
  • Heating and Aerating Apparatus, Tylor's, 314
  • Heindrickx's Railway Chairs, 71
  • Henderson’s Marine Engines, 3132
  • Henson’s Buffer Springs, 1513
  • Heptagon, Geometrical Construction of a Regular, 105, 118, 135
  • Hibernian, the, 220, 320
  • Hibernia (late the Leinster). Trial of, 182
  • Higgins' Hallways and Railway Carriages, 174
  • and Whitworth's Carding Engines, 170
  • Machinery for Spinning, 22
  • Preparing and Spinning Cotton, 338
  • High Pressure Condensing Engines, 230, 2W
  • Hinton’s Iron Manufacture, 878
  • Hink’s Lamps for Burning Petroline, 54
  • Hirsch's Screw Propellers, 180
  • Hodgkinson, Professor, the Irate, 385
  • Horse Hoe, Howard and Lilley's. 5
  • Nailmaker's Strike at helper, 18
  • Power, 235
  • Horticultural Garden Cascades, Well for the, 205
  • Horton's Bolt and Screw Machines, 200
  • Howard and Lilley’s Horse Hoe,
  • Hudson's Bay Territories, 150
  • Huggett's Lamplighter, 248
  • Hunter’s Mine Machinery, 100
  • Hydrophobia, Preventive for, 389
  • Ibbotson’s Vices, 71
  • Ice Locomotive, 8
  • Icemaking Machine Harrison's, '231
  • Improvements in Locomotives, 513
  • Income of a Penny Ferry, 280
  • India, the Bessemer Process in, 130
  • by the Euphrates and Horse Lines of Preliminary Rails, 308
  • Public Works hi, 885
  • Railway Material for,
  • India-rubber Tyres and Horse-shoes, t 1
  • Indian Cana's, 331
  • Indian Coal, 302
  • Railways, 315, 880
  • Inductive Spark, the, by Dr. P. L. Rigke, 117
  • Injector. the Giffard 0, 24, 41, 5(1
  • Institution of Civil Engineers, WI

INSTITUTION or CIVIL ENGINEERS:

  • Construction of Floating Beacons, by Mr. B. B. Stoney. Assoc. lust. C.C., 149, 184
  • Floating Railway across the Forth and Tay Ferries, by Mr. W. Hall, Assoc). lust C.11. 257
  • Iron Permanent Way, by Mr. F. Fox, M. Inst. C.E., 130, 118
  • National Defences, by Mr. O. P. Bidder, jun., B.A., 247
  • North Sea or German Ocean, by Mr..1. Murray, M. Inst. C.C., 184, 197
  • Presentation of a Telford Gold Modal, &o., to James J. Berkley. Esq.. 50
  • Rise and Fall of the River Wandle, &c., by Mr. F. Braithwaite, M. Inst. C.C., 08
  • Southport Pier. Description of, by Mr. H. Hooper, Assoc. Inst. C.E.. 149

INSTITUTION OY ENGINERRS IN SCOTLAND :—

  • Adjourned Meeting, 299
  • Curves. Railway, by Mr. W. Boll, 149
  • by Mr. H. Froude, 17. 129
  • Notes on Stirling's Air Engine, by P. Stirling, 83
  • Special General Meeting. 202
  • Surface Condensation, by Mr. Thos. Davison, 133.193
  • Transversals to Engineering Field Work, on the Application of, by Professor W. J. M. Rankine, 2

INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS:—

  • Aert's Water Axle-box, by Mr. S. Lloyd, 53
  • Benson's High Pressure Steam Buller, by Mr. J. J. Russell, 89
  • Buda Wrought Iron Lighthouse, by Mr. J. H. Porter, 89
  • Burning of Coal instead of Coke in Locomotive Engines, by Mr. Charles Markham, 87. 41, 15
  • Coking in Ovens applied to the Staffordshire Slack, by Mr. A. B. Cochrane, 285
  • Engine, Boiler and Surface Condenser for very High Pressure Steam, with Great Expansion, by Messrs. Alexander. Williams, and Poi kiwi, 285
  • Plate drilling Machine, by Mr. J. Cochrane, 292
  • Supplying Water to the Tenders of Locomotives whilst Running, by Mr. J. Ramsbottom, 89
  • Winding Reels, Self-acting Machine for, by Mr. W. Weild, 28.1

INSTITUTION OF NAVAL ARCHITECTS:

  • American River Steamers, by N. Scott Russell, Esq., 169
  • Classification of Iron Ships, by Mr. J. Grantham, 198
  • Compass, Deviation of in Iron and other V088018, by J. O. Evans, Es-4., R.N.. 160
  • Construction of Iron-cased Vessels of War, by Mr. Scott Russell, 140
  • Iron Vessels of War, Iron-cased, by Mr. Samuda, 14t;
  • Discussion on Iron-cased Ships of War. 140
  • Iron Ships and lion-cased Ships, by General Sir II. Douglas, 140
  • Rolling of Ships, on the. by W. Froude, Esq., 147
  • Unsinkable Iron Ships, by Mr. Chas. Lungley,
  • Wave-line Principle of Ship Construction, by J. Scott Russell, F.A.S., 128
  • Wood, Jno. and Chas., Naval Architects, the Late, 108
  • Invention Extraordinary, 101
  • Iodine. 77
  • Irish Matters, 31

IRON, COAL, AND GENERAL TRADES OF BIRMINGHAM, WOLVERHAMPTON AND OTHER DISTRICTS:—

  • Accident, Blast Furnace, 242
  • Brown Hill Colliery, 48, 64, 181
  • Fatal Railway, 370
  • Singular Railway. 181
  • Accidents, Fatal Colliery, 81, 90
  • Fatal Pit, 127
  • Amalgamation of the Great Western and West Midland Railways 3,55.
  • American Civil War, Effects on the Iron Trade, 327, 299. 370
  • America, Favourable Advices from. 111
  • American Protectionists and British Iron, 127
  • Arbitration Case, Mining, 327
  • Bankruptcy, Mr. S. II. Blackwell's, 114
  • Messrs. Hickman's, 81
  • Of an Iron Merchant, 48
  • Bellows Cutting, 48
  • Bilston. the Depression at, 293
  • Mines, 212
  • Birmingham, 43
  • and the Exhibition, 293
  • Trade, 266
  • and Wolverhampton, Fever Signs on Change, ($4
  • and Wolverhampton Trades, 270, 381
  • Blackwell, Mr. T. 11., In India, 242
  • Blast Furnaces, Summary of, 32
  • Board of Trade Returns, 16, 143, 165, 226, 283, 341
  • Boiler Explosion, 48, 00
  • at Rough Mills Colliery, 81
  • at Messrs. Aston and Shaw's, 161
  • Business since the Quarterly Meeting, 256
  • Bull, J., In re, 270
  • Chains, Testing Iron, 283
  • Chamber of Commerce, Wolverhampton. 48
  • Changes of Proprietary or Works. 884
  • Clause in the Pacific Railway Bill, 127
  • Coal Masters, Case of Importance to, 06
  • Fined, 220
  • Coal and Ironstone, More, 313
  • Pit, Fall Down a, 32
  • Colliers, Meeting of, 384
  • Collision, Railway, on West Midland, Copper Company, New, 106
  • Cotton Company, the Coventry, 81.
  • Coventry, Movement for the Benefit of, 111
  • Relief Fund, 100
  • Crookley Screw Company, 127
  • Distress amongst Operatives. 61
  • Earthquake in Staffordshire, 313
  • Employer Addressing his bleu, au, 327
  • Exhibition of 1862, the, 242
  • Explosion In a Fog Signal Factory, 81
  • Exports to France, Increased, 311
  • Failure of an American House, 341
  • another, 256
  • of a Birmingham House, 64
  • Mr. Bulls, 226
  • Chapman and Grainger. 111
  • Smith and Sous, 355
  • of Colliery Proprietors, 394
  • the Crookley Screw Company, 111
  • in the Iron Trade, 813
  • Failures, 242, 290
  • Two, 143
  • Fire. Subterranean, 64
  • Freights to Now York, Fall In, 61
  • Furnaces, Rotating Puddling, 113
  • Griffiths and Sparrow, Dispute, 31:
  • Hickman's Case, Judgment in, 143
  • Iron, Attempted Reduction in Malleable, 327
  • Making in Melbourne, III
  • Steady Trade in Best, 21.49
  • Testing Staffordshire, 384
  • Masters and National Fortifications, the, 283
  • Ironstone, 341
  • Low Rates for, 313
  • Labour Market, 226
  • Library fur Birmingham, Free, 270
  • Lighthouse, iron, 165
  • Lock and Bolt Works. Birmingham, 290
  • Makers in South Staffordshire, French, 1'27
  • Locks, Now, 48
  • Luggage v. Merchandise, 270
  • Manslaughter against a Doggy, 209
  • Meeting of the North Staffordshire Association. 32
  • the Preliminary, 32, 212, 3o4, 398, 398
  • Metals, Liquid. a:e., 270
  • Mine Proprietors, Charge against, HI
  • Mines Inspection Act, 355
  • Mineral Statistics, 15
  • Miners' and Colliers' Wages, Reduction Movement, 4S
  • Muntz's Metal, 313
  • Nails, Reduction in Cut, 212
  • Paris. Rumour from, 48
  • Patent, Question of Right, 96, 127
  • Pig Iron. 111, 341
  • Amount made in 1860, 32
  • Reduced Make of, 32
  • Reduction in, 61
  • Pit, Unprotected, 196
  • Potteries' Chamber and Mr. Cobden, 355
  • Puddling Apparatus, Tooth's, 16,, 181
  • Public Houses, Movement against. 355
  • Railway Bill, Cradley Heath and Dudley. Rejection of, :370, 355
  • Railway Station, Stafford, 327
  • Reports from America, 96
  • from the Iron Masters, Si iron Trade, 127
  • Ribbon Weavers, Brighter Days. Si
  • Rifles, &c., Messrs. Westley, Richards, and Company's, 327
  • Road across New-street Station. Right of, 96
  • Rolling Stock Company, 81
  • Safes at Wolverhampton, Large Make of Iron, 313
  • Station, Destruction of a Railway, 64
  • Statistics, Mineral, 15
  • Stealing Wages at an Ironworks. 313
  • Strike, Horse Nail Makers', 15, 61, 81, 127, 131, 196
  • of Wolverhampton Painters. 242, 299
  • Tariff Between France and Belgium, 48
  • Bill, the Morrell, 127, 143
  • on Iron and Steel, American, 196
  • Tariffs, the Three, 256
  • Telegraph Company, Opposition to a, 127
  • Testimonial to a Railway Manager, 313
  • Thompson's, Mr. G., Affairs, 84, 370
  • Thorneycroft Embrasures, Experiments on, 370
  • Tin and Copper, 1S1
  • Fall in, 165
  • Trade in the Black Country, 15
  • Coal, 32, 64, 81, 96, 111, 143, 165, 250, 283, 299, 313, 327, 341, 355, 370, 384, 398
  • in South Staffordshire, 43
  • of France in Machinery, &c., 64
  • Gun. Stimulus to the, 313
  • Iron, the, 196. 226, 242, 283, 313, 355
  • Depressed Condition of, 311
  • Malleable, 181
  • in the States, 127
  • Slight Improvement in, 111
  • Ironstone, the, 143, 165, 355
  • Marks and Bankruptcy Bill, 283
  • Pig Iron, 127, 196, 212, 242, 283, 299. 327, 355
  • South Staffordshire, 270
  • Trades, Coal and Ironstone. 127, 181, 212, 226, 242
  • Birmingham and Wolverhampton, 111
  • District, 43, 242
  • Hardware, 127, 2S3
  • Home, 48
  • Manufacturing. 15, 82, 48, 64, 81. 96. 143, 115, 181, 196, 212, 226, 299, 313, 327, 341, 855, 370, 398
  • Treaty with France, Belgian, 355
  • Tubes, Metal, 111
  • Vives, Levison, and Company's, and Mr. G. Thompson's Affairs, 398
  • Wages, Colliers', 127
  • Miners', &-c., 96
  • Movement, the, 355. 313
  • Wagon Company, Midland, 111
  • Warwick and Staffordshires, Effects on, 327
  • Willenhall, Distress at. 32
  • Wolverhampton Chamber awl Trade Marks. 165
  • Corporation and New Water Works Bill, 270
  • Workmen, Beneficence of, 48
  • Iron, the Effects of Frost on, 44
  • Percussion and Frost upon, 43
  • and Iron Making, 293
  • Manufacture of, 175, 329
  • Hinton's, 373
  • Metallurgy of, 3
  • Northamptonshire, 120
  • Ore, Our, 150. 172
  • New Zealand, 18S, 202, 290
  • Mr. Riley's, Paper on, 349
  • Strength of, 122
  • Trade, a New Field for, 281
  • Welding, 138
  • Welding of Malleable, by Jas. Nasmyth, Esq,. C.E., 145
  • Bound Cotton Bales, 103
  • with Brass, to Coat, 288
  • Cased Gunboats, French, 245
  • Ships, 120, 202
  • Ships of War, 146
  • Navy, 389
  • of War, Cole's, 102
  • War Ships and Great Eastern, 121
  • Steamers. 45
  • Clad Ships. 152
  • Projectiles, 852
  • and Coal Trade, South Wales, 262
  • Construction, 258
  • in Japan, Treating, 57
  • Mon-of-War, 265, 279
  • Permanent Way, 157
  • Pig, Trade, 314
  • Plated Bulwarks, 376
  • Ships, 6, 12, 24, 174, 334, 877
  • Plates for the Navy, 87
  • Ships of War, 385
  • Shipbuilding on the Tyne, 116
  • Ships, Strength of, 91
  • Structures, Duration of, 5)
  • Trade of the North Eastern Counties, Mr. Hoyle's Circular, 50
  • Trade, the Wiltshire, 233
  • War Fleets, 137, 307, 349
  • when. Heated, Cause of the Loss of Strength of, 67
  • Ironmongers' Company. the, 299
  • Irrigation, Windmill for, 195
  • Italia, the, 338
  • Italian Railways, 42, 89. 172, 2S9
  • Italy, Coinage for, 211
  • New Coinage for, 64
  • James' Washing. Wringing, and Mangling Machine, 132
  • Japan, Treating Iron in, 57
  • Jevon's Armour Plates, 191
  • Jevon's Iron-Plated Ships, 174
  • Jobson and Ransome's Moulds for Casting, 216
  • Joint Stock Banks, 161
  • Jordesons Lifeboats, 132
  • Kaloscope, 68
  • Kawa Plant, the, 118
  • Kew Gardens, 288
  • Key for Seeming Railway Rails, Morris', 101
  • Knife, Saloon Barrel Pistol, Unwin and Askham's, 3S6
  • Knitting Machinery, Wilson's; 171
  • Kukla's Self-Regulating Gas-burner, 186
  • Labour Saving Machinery, American, 236
  • La Gloire. 30
  • Lamp Lighter, Huggett's, 243
  • Lamps for Burning Petroline, Hinks', 54
  • Oil, Van Kirk's, 260
  • Lancaster, Brown, and Hughes' Cannon, 87
  • Language, &c., Study of the English, 148
  • Lathes, Self-acting. Fairbairn and Barrow's, 150
  • Launch or the Princess Royal, 393
  • Warrior, S

LAW INTELLIGENCE:

  • Adams and Richardson's (Patent) Railways, 9.1
  • Bennet v. the Great Northern Railway Company, 33
  • Birmingham Waterworks Company v. the London and North-Western Railway Company, 04
  • Bliss v. the Loudon and North-Western Railway Company, 177
  • Blyth. v. Samuda, 119
  • Freemantle. Bart., v. the London and North-Western Company, 177
  • Glass and Another v. Boswall, 140, 216, 331
  • Hughes v, Vignoles, 371
  • Meyer v. Spence and Another, 331
  • Moss v. the London, Brighton, and South Coast Railway, 889
  • Prideaux v. Darby, 36, 3S9
  • Priestley v. M’Lean, 36
  • Pym, Administratrix, v. the Great Northern Railway Company, 371
  • Rae v. the Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, 105
  • Riley, Administratrix, v. Baxendale and Others, 36
  • J. Scott Russell and the Great Ship Company, 57
  • South-Eastern Railway Company v. Warton, 140
  • Stokes and Others v. the Eastern Counties Railway, 10
  • Williams v. the Great Northern Railway Company, 36
  • Leaden Pipes, Action of Water on Various Kinds of, 52

LEADING ARTICLES :

  • Admiralty Contracts, 363
  • Admiralty and Iron Ships, 175
  • American Labour Saving Machinery, 236
  • Anthracite Coal Burning Locomotives, 92
  • Armour Cased Ships, 27
  • Boiler Explosions, 237, 249, 294, 349
  • Civil Engineers' Social Status, the, 176
  • Coal Burning Locomotives, 293
  • Condensation in Steal) Cylinders, 75
  • Conservation of Force, 321
  • Cornish Engines. 364
  • Cotton from India, 123
  • Supply, the, 76
  • Dalton on Heat and Steam, 222
  • Dockyards, Government, 309
  • Her Majesty's, 205
  • Engineering Contracts, 123
  • Education, 176, 280 -t Prospects, 349
  • and Shipbuilding Inventions, 222
  • Exhibition, the New, 92
  • Buildings, the, 176
  • Fish Joint Patent, the, 92
  • Friction of Plates in Steam, 236
  • Great Eastern and Iron Cased War Ships, 121
  • Great Eastern and her Builder 309
  • Beat and Steam. 107, 138, 158, 222
  • Heat and Water, 207
  • High Pressure Condensing Engines, 236, 279
  • Horse Power, 235
  • India by the Euphrates and Horse Lines of Preliminary Rails, 808
  • Institution of Civil Engineers, 191

Iron,

  • the Effects of Percussion and Frost upon, 43
  • and Iron Making. 293
  • Manufacture of, 175
  • Strength of, 122
  • Clad Fleet, our, 349
  • Permanent Way, 157
  • Plated Ships, 377
  • Ships of War, 307
  • Structures, Duration of, 59
  • War Fleets, 137, 307
  • Low Pressure New Condensing Engines, 337
  • Momentum and Vis Viva, 350
  • National Defences, the, 265
  • Ocean Telegraphy, 122
  • Oscillating Marine Engines. 206
  • Pre-railway Engineering, 337
  • Purification of Water, 392
  • Railway Bonfires, 377
  • Bridges, 265
  • Engineering in the Courts. 137
  • Rangoon and Singapore Cable, 28, 70.
  • Rifled Cast Iron Cannon, 9
  • River Steamboats. 249
  • Royal Naval Engineers, 60
  • Sewage Question, the, 10, 28, 44
  • Ships' Compass Question, 192
  • South-Western Railway Disaster, 157
  • Steam, the Use of, 221
  • Steam Economy, 139
  • Steam Expansively, Working, 108
  • Steam Ploughing, 391
  • Steamboats and Railways, 863
  • Stokes and Others v. the Eastern Counties Railway Company, 27
  • Street Railways, 205
  • Strength of Iron Ships, 91
  • Submarine Telegraphs. 391
  • Superheated Steam, 321
  • Surface Condensation, 191, 308
  • Suspension Bridges, 280
  • Thames Embankment, 9, 59
  • Whitworth and Enfield Rifles, 392
  • Leicester Sewage Works, 189, 290

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR :—

  • Agricultural Engines, One who any Day may become a Victim, 43
  • American Patent Laws, Murin and Co., 183
  • Another Ancient Briton Exhumed, F. W. Turner. 361
  • Armstrong Rifled Bolt, the. J. Norton, 375
  • Art Manufactures, A. Smith. 346
  • Aveling's Engines, J. E., 137, 191
  • Band Saw. The, F. Arding, 135
  • R. Bodmer, 135
  • J. N. P.. 121
  • J. Willcock, 135
  • Blast Furnace Gases, Taking Off, J. Addenbrooke, 263
  • Boiler Explosions, T. B., 359.388
  • D. K. Clark, 251
  • L. O.. 360
  • J. Paton, 316, 375
  • V. P., :359
  • W. Steevenson, 304, 360, 375
  • Boilers, Strength of, P. N. Eye,
  • Boring Wells, R. Allison, 235
  • A Subscriber, 221
  • Bower's Pistons, Jos. Roberts, 91
  • Chemistry of the Formation and Composition of Steel, C. Milks, 238
  • of Steel, Chemicus Edinensis, 277
  • A. Frenchman, 805
  • A Subscriber, 318
  • M. Fremy's, R. Mushet, 347, 360
  • Explained, W. Corbett, 318
  • and Mr. Mushet's Chemistry, Chemicus Regis Coll. Lond., 305
  • Church's, D., Locomotive, R. Bach. 375
  • Cockey’s Patent Chaff Cutter, R. Leak, 235
  • Collins, Mr.. On Electro Block Printing, J. A. Davies, 235
  • Compensating Pendulums. J. E. Merritt, 239
  • Condensation in Steam Cylinders, T. Craddock, 25, 101
  • Contrast in Times Past and Times Present, C. F. T. 1'., 118
  • Cotter Drilling Machine, W. P. Bathe. 91
  • Craddock's Improvements, T. Craddock, 21S Crumlin Viaduct. A. Fairlie, 334
  • H. N. Maynard. 304
  • Cycloid. Length of a. E. A. Leonard, 249 O. T., C.E., 279
  • Deodorising Sewage, Bollmann, Condy, Mitchell, and Co., 43
  • Dockyards and Private Building Yards. M. White, 6
  • Double Cylinder Expansive Marino Engines, An Observer, 307
  • Double Cylinder Engines. Q. E. D., 319, 346
  • awl Single Cylinder Marine Engines, An Observer, 334
  • Draining Coal Pits. Enquirer, 235
  • A Learner, 210
  • P. J. Livsey, 244, 279, 233
  • Minor. 265
  • Dynamical Effect of Falling Bodies, R. P., 319
  • Letters to the Editor :—
  • Earth's Central Heat, the, Thomas Almgill, 6, 66
  • W. Steevenson P24, 72
  • Economy of Fuel, A Foreigner, 41
  • Not a C.E., 21
  • C. T., C.E., 41 O. T.. C.E., 6
  • Electro-Culture, F. Silas, 88
  • Engineers Afloat, U. Z., 40
  • Expanding Mandril. Alex. Allan, 276, 293, 377
  • T Craddock, 221
  • J. Inshaw, 391
  • Expanding Shells for Rifled Ordnance, J. Norton, 321
  • Expansion of Steam, C. Greaves, 134
  • Expansive Working, B. M.' 135
  • Explosive Shells fur Rifled Ordnance, J. Norton, 265
  • Fleet of the Future, The, C. F. T. Y. 135
  • Flight of Projectiles. On the, P. Hunter, 40
  • Force and Heat, J. C. Dyer, 347, 361
  • Freezing of Pipes, etc., M. Hunter, 73
  • Friction, An Engineer, 205
  • L. O, 205, 21.8, 251
  • Brakes, T. L., 75
  • of Plates under Steam, J. W. X , 213
  • of Slide Valves, E. Ingham, 191
  • C. J. W. Namekaj, 191
  • under Steam, J. B. C., 279
  • of Valves under Steam, J. Paton.. 238, 263, 290
  • Frictional Gearing, R. Davison. M.I.C.E., 377
  • Galway Steamers, M. Samuelson and Co., 23$
  • Gas Regulator, J. Alex. Davies, 219, 235
  • from Wood, A Gas Maker, 391
  • Geometrical Construction of a Regular Heptagon, A. H. Brotherton, 105, 135
  • the Heptagon. Non Libi, 118
  • Giffard's Injector, The, C. J. P., 24
  • John Patton, 41
  • Henry Pratt, 6. 41
  • John Ramsbottom, 24, 56
  • J. W. X., 6
  • Chas. Wye Williams, 41
  • Governors, Pendulo Conique, 346
  • Steam Engine, B. F. Morrison, 279
  • Gravatt's Adjustment of the Dumpy Level, T. B.,374
  • The, C. P. Cotton, 265, 834
  • C. E., 276, 319
  • W. Geo. L., 289
  • Great Steam Hammer, A. Longsdon, 218
  • Heat and Steam, F. Hoffman, 2d3
  • F. Morton Eden, 172
  • V. P., 72, 154
  • C. Wye Williams, 104, 118, 134, 154
  • High-pressure Expansion Engine, L. Perkins, 293
  • India-rubber Tyres and Horse Shoes. P., 91
  • Iron Cased Ships, C. A. Di., 24
  • X., 27
  • Iron in Japan, Treating, Robert Mallet, 57
  • Men-of-War, J. Norton, 265, 279
  • Ore, Our, J. Players, 172
  • Plated Ships of War, A C., 6
  • A Constant Reader, 334
  • Jevons' Armour Plates, W. Simons, 191
  • Leicester Swage Works, T. Wicksteed, C.E., 189, 290
  • Life Lines in Shipwreck, P. M., 191
  • Lightning Conductors, J. N. Hoarder, 374
  • Locomotive Engines on Common Roads, T. Aveling, 172
  • F. H. Hemming, 3S8
  • S. H. Loutit, 206
  • Locomotives, improvements in, Henry Pratt, 56
  • Lofty Buildings, S. R., 289
  • Logic of Facts, The, J. Norton, 7
  • Love's, 31., Paper on Electricity, K. R. U., 41
  • Machinery, Best Combination of Steam, Steamship, 218
  • Mill Governors, C. Schiele, 361
  • Naval Engineers, 251
  • New Zealand Iron Ore, E. Morshead, 202
  • Titanium Sand, R. Mushet, 1s8, 290
  • Ocean Telegraphy, J. Clark. 251
  • Patent. Tribunals, Wm. Spence, Assoc. Inst., C.E., 50, 319, 38.3
  • Petrified Wood and Paper. J. Bruce. 290
  • Percussion Blasting Cartridge, J. Norton, 191
  • Permanent Way, W. O'Brien, C.E., 41
  • G. Cowdery, 56
  • E. Eastwood, 188
  • J. Leonard, C.E., 217
  • Preservation of Food, C. Elliott, 88
  • Problem in Thermo-Dynamics, J. G., 279
  • J. J. M.. 307
  • Protection of Weirs or Dams, A. Smith, 83
  • Railway, Accidents, J. E., 75
  • M. Hunter, 59
  • Tyres, W. Corbett, 218
  • Rangoon and Singapore Cable, Glass, Elliot, and Co., 56
  • C. W. Siemens, 40
  • Repatenting Inventions, C.E., 107
  • B. Hunt., 91
  • F. W. Turner, 75
  • Rifled Shell Guns, J. Norton, 346
  • Riley's, Mr., Paper on Iron, E. Wkly. 349
  • Rivetting Plates, Y., 73
  • Rolling of Ships, W. Froude. 205
  • Rowan's Condensers, Rowan and Co., 251
  • Royal Naval Engineers. F. M., 105
  • Will. Engineer, R.N., 40
  • Sabot for Elongated Rifle Shot and Shell, J. Norton, 205
  • Shipwreck, Saving Life from, J. Clark, 276
  • E. Suckow, 217, 290
  • Shot, Correct Form of Elongated. J. Norton, 73
  • Skate Makers, Suggestion to, Skater, 48
  • Slide Valves, Thos. Adams, 27, 59, 91, 119
  • H. Hindle, 27
  • J. P., 105
  • J. Paton, 75
  • II. S., 27
  • Slotting Drill, the, Alex. Allan, 172
  • R. Roberts, 121, 188
  • Smoke, the Nature of, J. A. Davies. 239
  • Prevention in the Navy, D. K. Clark, 172
  • South-Western Railway Disaster, Sweet Briar, 188
  • Speed of Traction Engines, S. H. Loutit, 238
  • Z. Y. X., 238
  • C. F. T. Y., 218
  • Steam Blast, Steam Navigation in 1821, P., 91
  • Steamship Economy, U. A. Cater, 318
  • Steel Manufacture, Practice and Theory of, R. Mushet, 290, 318
  • Stokes and Others v. the Eastern Counties Railway, A Looker On, 4U Stonework, to Preserve, J. Bruce, 293
  • Street Railways, H. Greaves, 218
  • A Manchester Man, 235
  • W. Rutt, 290
  • Tram, 75
  • A Yorkshireman, 263
  • Tramways, J. W., 121
  • Strengthening of Ships, J. Spencer. 7
  • Submarine Cables, The Gutta-percha, C. J., 118
  • J. Macintosh, 375, 388
  • Superheated Steam, A. B., 279
  • Superheating Apparatus, Parson and Pilgrim, 251
  • surface Condensers, J. Paton, 218
  • Telegraph to America. J. Clark, 219
  • C. W. Harrison, 88
  • H. K., 57, 118, 189, 202, 233, 263, 276
  • J. W., 157
  • Telegraphic Cables, S. Taylor, 9
  • Telegraphy, Proposed plan for Ocean, J. Clarke, 189
  • Testimony, an Old, J. Norton, 219
  • Trisection of au Angle, A. H. Brotherton, 304, 321 346, 375
  • of Angles, M. A. Alderson, 861
  • A. H. B., 346
  • H. Hurst, 334
  • H. L., 334
  • S. Stannale, 334
  • Tubular Boilers, Alpha. 41
  • J. G., 73
  • Letters to the Editor :—
  • Tyros, Solid Railway Wheel, G. and J. Brower, 188
  • Variable Blast Pipe, The, One who has Whistled on an Engine Twenty Years ago, 293
  • R. Williams, 279
  • Warrior, the, Y., 24
  • Water Meters, The Manchester Water Meter Company, 235
  • Wave Line, the, G. E. B., 238
  • R. Bach, 279
  • Welding Iron, A Manchester Smith, 188
  • Ships, R. T. Davies, 188
  • Wheel Guards for Locomotives, T. H., 154
  • Life Bolt of the National Lifeboat Institution, 332
  • Lifeboat Expenses and Services, 77
  • Services, Important, 108
  • Lifeboats, Jordeson’s, 132
  • Life Lines in Shipwreck, 191
  • Light, Apparatus for the Production of Prosser and Standly's, 343
  • Radiated by Heated Bodies, 51
  • Lights. Outside Shop, Clark's, 372
  • Lighthouse. Buda Wrought Iron, 89
  • Wrought Iron, 77
  • Lightning Conductors, 374
  • Lime Light, the, 17U

LITERATURE :—

  • Builder's and Contractor's Price Book. 159
  • Catechism of the Marine Steam Engine, by Thomas Miller, Capt. R.N.. 323
  • Coal Fields of Great Britain, &c., by Edward Hull, B.A., 250
  • Collieries and Colliers, by J. C. Fowler. Esq.,393
  • The Economy of Steam Power on Common 1oads, by C. F. T. Young, C.E., 93
  • Elementary Examples in Practical Mechanics, &e., by Rev. J. F. Twisden, M.A., 159
  • Elements of Mechanism, by T. M. Goodeve, M.A., 159
  • Engineers', Architects', and Contractors' Pocket Book, 159
  • Free Trade in Gold, 223
  • Handy-Book of Patent and Copyright Law, English and Foreign, by James Fraser, Esq., 393
  • Heat in its Relation to Water and Steam, &c., by Charles Wye Williams, 378
  • Iron, its History, Properties, and Processes of Manufacture, by W. Fairbairn, C.E., 309
  • National Defences, Our, by Captain C. P. Coles. R.N.' 159
  • North British Review, the, 207
  • Notes on Screw Propulsion, by W. M. Walker, 159
  • Perpetuum Mobile; or, Search for Self Motive Power, by II. Dircks, C E., 159
  • Plea for au Arterial Drainage, Embankment, and Improvement Act, &c., by G. A. Dean, 281
  • Progress (if Steam Power on Common Roads, by Messrs. Holley and Fisher, Engineers, New York, 93
  • Railway and the Mine, the, 223
  • Royal Insurance Almanack, 159
  • Strains on Structures of Ironwork, &a by F. W. shields, M. Inst. C.E., 281
  • Telegraph Manual, by T. P. Shaffner, 322
  • Theory and Practice of Shipbuilding, by A. Murray, M. lust. C.E., 365
  • Transactions of the Institution of Naval Architects, 93
  • Treatise on Coal, Petroleum, and other Distilled Oils, by A. Gesner, M.D.. 159
  • Mill and Millwork, by Wm. Fairbairn, Esq.. 266
  • the Steam Engine, &c. &c., by John Bourne, 322, 333

LIVERPOOL ARCHITECTURAL SOCIETY :—

  • Iron Construction, by Mr. William Stubbs, 25S Loch Lomond, 345
  • Locomotive in America, au Old English, 343
  • Another Now, 100
  • Dr. Church's, Another Ancient Briton Exhumed, 361, 375
  • Ice, 8
  • Trade, the Foreign, 302
  • Locomotives, Anthracite Coal-burning, 90, 92
  • Coal-burning, 293
  • on Common Roads, 137, 172, 191, 200, 205, 218, 238, 371, 385, 388
  • Improvements in, 56
  • Loudon, Chatham, and Dover Railway Accident, 19, 20
  • Looms, Nichols'. 117
  • Love's, M., Paper on Electricity. 41
  • Low assure Non-condensing Engines, 337
  • Lubricating Apparatus. Ramsbottom's, 317
  • Lubricator, Marks', 153
  • McCormick, Reaper, Patent in America, 165
  • Machine-made Chains, 80
  • Something like a, 315
  • Machinery, Best Combination of Steam, 218
  • of the Warrior and Black Prince, 214
  • Macnab's Steam Engines, 42, 306
  • Repatenting Inventions, 75, 91
  • Madras Submarine Operations 370, Mail Lines, French Ocean, 319
  • Mails, American, 295
  • Canadian, 111
  • Main Drainage Works, 34
  • Malaria, Production and Prevention of, 161
  • Manchester Boiler Association, 334, 216

MANCHESTER GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY :

  • Down, Holland Moss, by Mr. E. W. Binney, 85

MANCHESTER LITERARY AND PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY :

  • Abnormal Disturbances of the Barometrical Column at Certain Seasons of the Year, by Mr. Atkinson, 3
  • Action of Water on Various Kinds of Leaden Pipes, by Dr. Calvert, 52
  • Changes of Density which take place in Rolled Copper by Hammering and Annealing, by Mr. Charles 0 Neill, 184
  • Election of Members, 68
  • Freezing. Thawing, and Evaporation of Water, &c., by J. C. Dyer, Esq., 151
  • Kaloscope, by Mr. Heys, 68
  • Malaria, Production and Prevention of, by Dr. R. Angus Smith, 151
  • Meteorological Observations taken at Gibraltar, 99
  • Microscopical Section, 520
  • Origin of Species, on the, by the Rev. W. N. Molesworth. D1. A., 3
  • Preparing Objects Found in Soundings, 68
  • Rain, Table of the Fail of, 99
  • Scientific Philanthropy, by Mr. J. Ballantyne, 151
  • Steam, Nature and Action of in Relation to Boiler Explosions, by J. C. Dyer. Esq., 243
  • Structure of the Luminous Envelope of the Sun, by Mr. J. Sidebotham, 181
  • Thoughts of the Relation of Work and Workers, by Dr. R. Angus Smith, 151
  • Manchester and Milford Railway, 3S5
  • Mandril, Expanding, 231, 276, 293, 377, 891
  • Markets, Metal and Timber, 16, 34, 50, 66, 82, 98, 112, 128, 144. 166, 1S2, 190, 212, 22i, 242, 256, 270, 234, 300, 314, 328, 312, 356, 370, 334, 398
  • Marks' Lubricator, 153
  • Materials for the Exhibition Building, 314
  • in their Invisible State, 66.
  • Mather's Singeing and Shearing Fabrics, 320
  • Measuring Distances, Woodhouse's Instrument. 387
  • Mechanics' institute at Wolverton, New, 277, 313
  • Messageries Imperiales, the, 386 16
  • Metals, Forging and Rolling, Petin, Gaudet, and Co.
  • Rolling or Drawing, Evans' Apparatus, 337
  • Shaping, Dodd's Machinery, 137
  • Metallic Barometers, Newton's, 23
  • Pistons, Bower's, 5
  • Metallurgy of Iron,
  • Meteorological Observations taken at Gibraltar, 99
  • Meteoric Stones, 384
  • Meter, Water, Registering, Donnet’s, 153
  • Motors, Water, 235
  • Metropolitan Board of Works, 274
  • Drainage, 26.3, 303
  • Metropolitan Railway. 3li,5
  • Turnpike Roads, A42
  • Microscopical Section.
  • Milford Hare, Fortification at, 119
  • Military Gawp. 320
  • Milking Apparatus, American, 368
  • Mill Governors, 861
  • Rolling, Dreyfus' 359
  • Grinding, Neal's, ,14
  • Miller's Breakwaters. Piers, and Quay., 278
  • Mine Machinery, Hunter's, 190
  • Mining Machinery, Paton's,
  • Miscellanea. 69, 85, 101. 116, 131,165,178. 185, 203, 215, 232, 217, 259, 278, 287, 331, 351, 3h7, 374,
  • Molineaux’s Pianofortes, 5
  • Momentum awl Vie Viva, 850
  • Money orders, 256
  • Morris' Key for Securing Rails, 106
  • Mortar Cannon, the New, 144
  • Moulds for Casting. Jobson and Ransome's, 216
  • Stewart's, 215
  • Mount Cenis, Tunnel through, 73
  • Mowing (See Reaping)
  • Mules, Self-acting, Fieldens'. 103
  • Spinning. Harrison's, 132
  • for Spinning, Robertson and Hetherington's, 39)
  • Muntz's Marine Engines and Pumps, 23
  • Spring Cables, 246
  • Morton and Millington's Throttle and Expansion Valves, 274
  • National Defences, the, 257, 245
  • Naval Administration, 185
  • Architecture, Iron-cased 8bips, 120
  • Engineers, 89, 112, 120, 135, 144, 193, 211, 251, 303
  • Gossip, 80, 358
  • Navy, the, 133, 266, 320, 832
  • French. 170, 190
  • Russian, 833
  • Navigation in 1824, Steam, 91
  • Neal's Grinding Moils, 358
  • Nerbudda Valley Coal, 2
  • Newcastle, the, 802
  • New South Wales Railways, 3
  • Newton`s Metallic Barometers,
  • Mode of Treating Oils fur the Production of Gas, 134;
  • Rotary Planes, 4
  • Volvos and Valve Gear, 55
  • New Zeeland, Titanium sand, 188, 202, 290
  • Nichols' Looms, 117
  • Mine Hours' Movement, 170
  • Northamptonshire Iron, 120
  • North Sea, or German Ocean, 184, 197
  • Staffordshire. Railway Accident, 393
  • Western Railway Accidents, 19, 34

NORTHERN INSTITUTE OF MINING ENGINEERS:

  • General Meeting
  • Strength of Wires and Ropes, by Mr. J. Daglish 51, 67
  • Norton's Shell 7
  • Notes and Memoranda, 6'. 85, 101, 116, 151, 155, 173, 185. 203, 215, 233, 147, 259, 273, 287, 323, 381, 851

NOTES FROM THE NORTHERN AND EASTERN COUNTIES:-

  • Accidents, Railway, 16, 33, 49
  • Africa, Exploration of, 49
  • Agricultural Implement Trade, 328
  • Agricultural Society, Royal, 384
  • Architects and Builders, 328
  • Artillery. etc., for Auer a, 299
  • Assurance, Manchester Boiler, 33, 65, 128. 182
  • Australia, Telegraphic Communication with, 33
  • Barnsley, Gratitude to Mrs. Locke, WM
  • Boiler Explosions, Kitchen, 82
  • Expiation at Manchester, 111
  • Inspections, 66
  • Bolton. Master and Men at, 16
  • Brick Machinery, 65
  • Bridges on Railways, Timber, 128
  • British Association for the Advancement of Science, 97
  • Collar Dwellings at Manchester, 182
  • Census in the North, the, 299
  • Chamber of Commerce, Hull, 82
  • Chatham Da Eck 842
  • Clyde, the, 328
  • Coal, New Seam of. 16
  • Trade at Liverpool, 16
  • Trade 01 the North, the, 23
  • Colliers' Wages, 05
  • Commercial Affairs. Aspect of, 182
  • Compensation Case, Railway, 82
  • Cotton Gins, 370
  • Growing in Queensland, 398
  • Supply Question, 82, 97, 31,1
  • Cultivation in Essex, Steam, 384
  • Dividends in 1860, Railway, 33
  • Docks it Hull, WA
  • Liverpool and Birkenhead, 212, 226, 266, 270, 384, 884
  • Dock Works at Liverpool, 299
  • Dough Making Machinery, Stevens', 1i46
  • Drainage in Lincolnshire, 6.;
  • Dwellings for the Working Classes, 270
  • Engine Drivers from the Weather, Protecting, 182
  • Engines, Pit, 2:6
  • Exchange at Liverpool, Proposed, Exhibition Building, the, 1862, 182
  • Explosion near Bradford, Boiler, 398
  • of a Gasometer at Preston, 144
  • Exports, 342
  • Fine Art Gallery in Manchester, Proposed, (17
  • Frigate, Iron Posted, 33
  • Gainsborough, 111
  • Geology of the District Surrounding Pekin,
  • Great Eastern, the, 212
  • at Liverpool, the, 384
  • Grimsby Docks, 384
  • Gus Manufactured by the Mersey Steel, &c , Company, 220
  • Halifax, Strange State of Things at, 33
  • Harwich, 884
  • Hoist-cages. 82
  • Holyhead Harbour, 270
  • Hull, Dock Improvements at, Iron and Machine Trade. 828
  • Iron Ores of North Lincolnshire, 49
  • Iron Plate, a Tolerably Thick, 32h Iron Shipbuilding at Chester, 166
  • Iron Wealth of Lincolnshire, Leeds, 314
  • Leeds, Building Trade at, 342
  • Lighthouses, 212
  • Lincolnshire, $42
  • Liverpool, 82, 166, 242, 284
  • Commerce of, 190
  • District, 88, 97
  • Health of, 144
  • Matters, 111, 182, 814, 328, 870
  • Topics, 49
  • Locke, Mr., and the Barnsley Grammar School, 328
  • Manchester Scheme for Making a Poi t of 855
  • Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway, 65
  • Mersey Docks Board, 66, 128, 842, 345, 898
  • Metal and Machine Trades, 398
  • Mining in North Lincolnshire, 97
  • Newcastle Assizes, 164
  • Northern Matters, 49, 66, 82, 97, 111, 128, 141, 160, 182 196 212, 226, 2.42, 2, 0, 284, 2.9, 1114, 320, :;42, 25:), 37n, 834
  • Northern Topics, 2.0
  • Norway, Communication with, 370
  • Observatory, Cambridge. 182
  • Ordnance Survey, Resumption of, 855
  • Trial at Hightown, 66
  • Patent Case. Important, 144
  • Permanent Way on the Great Northern, ]
  • Piers at Worthing, 212
  • Plough, Fiskin's Steam 97
  • Ploughing in Norfolk, Steam, 194
  • Northamptonshire, Steam, 212
  • Notes from the Northern and Eastern Counties
  • Ports, the Northern, 97
  • Railway, Ashton. Oldham, and Guide Bridge, 855
  • Atherton Collieries, 855
  • Bridges, Iron, 314
  • Capital, Present, Position of, 16
  • Fasten' Counties, 85, 144, 121, 314, 324, 358, Extensions, 111
  • Great Northern, 88
  • and Harbour, West Hartlepool,
  • between Haworth and Bradford, Proposed, 182
  • Hull and Doncaster, 270
  • Lancashire and Yorkshire, 284
  • London and North-Western 31, 33
  • Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire, Matters 65
  • in the Bradford District, 18'2
  • and the Census, 209
  • North-Eastern, 97
  • Projects, Northern, 97
  • Proposed New. 16
  • Scheming in the East, 166
  • Station, Roof, Fall of, Blackburn, 311
  • Companies, Struggles between the North-Western and North-Eastern, 398
  • Tyres again, 15
  • Railways, Blyth and Tyne, 244
  • in the Eastern Districts, 314
  • Street, 242
  • Sunday Goods Traffic on, 370
  • Reaping Machine, the, 97
  • Australian, 182
  • and Mowing Machines,55
  • Royal Agricultural Society 212
  • Sanitary Matters at Newcastle, 398
  • Measures at Liverpool, 212
  • Reform, Results of, 242
  • Scotland, West of. 342
  • Scottish Topics, 314 370, 398
  • Sewerage at, Stratford and West Ham, 299
  • Shipbuilding at Gainsborough. 196
  • Short Hours among Railway Enginemen, 4'.4, 196, 299, 855
  • Southend, 6
  • Steam from Gas Heat, 355
  • Shipping, Ill Steering Ships, 2io9
  • Strike., Expenses of, 16
  • Telegraphy. Cheap, 2.56
  • Towing on Canals, Steam, 33
  • Trade, State of. 256
  • at Sheffield, 16, 33, 6f. 82, 97, 111, 128, 144, 166, 182. 196. 212, 224 242, 270, 284, 366, 2f0J, 314, 328,342, 866, 870, 398, of the Tyne, 355
  • Traffic, Railway, in England and Franco, 355
  • French and English, 226
  • over the Keadby, Proposed, 226
  • Tribute to Mr. W. Fairbaini,6'. Tunnel, Fall of, Sheffield, 182
  • Tynemouth Town, Surveyorship of, 16
  • Tyne Piers, the, 33
  • Typo Composing and Distributing Machine, 355
  • Vessels, Iron, for the Liverpool and Bombay Trade, 284
  • Viaduct, Proposed Mersey. 212
  • Victoria Docks, 166
  • Wages in Lancashire, 97
  • Washing Machine for Governor of Brazil, 97
  • Waterworks at Birkenhead,
  • Wilson, C.E., Death of Mr., 82
  • Notices to Correspondents, 9, 27, 43, 69, 75, 91, 121, 13 7, 167, 176, 191, 205, 221, 235, 249, 66, 279, 293, 307, 821, 337, 349, 363, 877. 3U1
  • Ocean, Presence of Animal Life at Vast Depths in the t71
  • Telegraphy, 189, 120, 122, 123, 251
  • Oceanic Currents, 21
  • Official Firing, 262
  • this for the Production of Gas, Newton's Mode, 136
  • Ordnance, Rifled, by Capt. T. A. Blakely, 2.51
  • Survey, the, VA)
  • Whitworth, the, 129
  • Ore. Iron, 150
  • Origin of Species, on the, 3
  • Oscillating Marine Engines, 206
  • Owen's Sawing Machines, 274
  • Packet Station, Transatlantic, on the Shannon, Proposed, 61
  • Palmer's Piston Packing, 373
  • Panification, 20
  • Paper. 8'20
  • Drapery, 290
  • Green, 303
  • Paris, Cost ,,r Improving, 299
  • New Works in, 135
  • 'rho Sanitary Condition of, 152
  • Partridge's Axles and Axle Boxes, 170
  • Passenger Car, &earn, VT Patent Law, United States. 77
  • Laws, American. HA. 199
  • Tribunals. 56, 319, 888
  • Paton's Mining Machinery, 25
  • Pautard’s Apparatus for Supplying Air to Persons Under Water, 275
  • Pendulums, Compensating. 239
  • Percussion Blasting Cartridge, 191
  • and Frost upon iron, Effects of, 43
  • Perkins' Apparatus for Distilling lieu Water, 201
  • Permanent Visy, 41, .56, 188, 217, 261
  • Gatwood's, Iron. 180, 144, 167
  • Petin, Gaudet, awl Co's. Forging and Rolling Metals, 316
  • Petrie's Taps for Liquids, 260
  • Petrified Wood and Paper, 290
  • Phenomenon, Singular, 270
  • Philanthropy, Scientific,
  • Phillomel, the, Griffiths' ticrew, 102
  • Phoebe, the, "crew Pitratil Prigale, 344
  • Phosphorescence, 7
  • Photographic Eclipse, Manila, Mr. Warren Do La Rue's, 343
  • Photography, a New Application of, 270
  • in Enamel Colours, 335
  • Photo Zincography, 228, 343
  • Physical Elements, 327
  • Pianofortes, Molineux
  • Piers and Breakwaters. Webb's, 74
  • Pier Company, Southport, 14, 149
  • Pipes, Boring and Tapping, Upward's, 8
  • Freezing of Water, 58
  • Piston Packing, Palmer's, 373
  • Pistons, Bower's. 91
  • Shekel's. 133
  • Metallic, Bower's, 6
  • Pitman's Press, 186
  • Planes, Rotary. Newton's, 4
  • Planetold's Saturn, the, 87
  • Plant, the Kawa, 113
  • Plate Drilling Machine, 292
  • Glass and Burglars, :;06
  • Platinum, 1117
  • Ploughing, Steam 391
  • Population of Glasgow, 305
  • Portable Railways, 136
  • Portsmouth, New Work at, 176
  • Post Office, the. 212
  • Packet Service, 283
  • Postal Services, Sardinian, 170
  • Povah's Portable Steam Engine, 145
  • Pre-railway Engineering, 337
  • Presentation of a Telford Gold Medal to James J. Berkley, Esq., 50
  • Preservation of Food, 88
  • Food, by Rear-Admiral Sir C. Elliot, 84
  • Preserve Stonework, to. 293
  • Preserving Stone of Westminster Palace, a New Suggestion, 113, 124
  • Press, Pitman’s, 184
  • Presses, Bingley's, 230
  • Prevention of Railway Disasters, 34, 45
  • Princess Royal, Launch of, 398
  • Problem in Thermo-Dynamics, 279, 307
  • Projected Railways In the City, 93
  • Projectiles, on the Flight of, 40
  • Propellers, Screw, Brickhill and Noble's, 22
  • Hirch’s, 186
  • Rivy's, 116
  • Proposed New Railways, 20
  • Transatlantic Packet Station on the Shannon, 61
  • Prospects, Our, 1
  • Prosser and Standly's Apparatus for the Production of Light, 348
  • Prussian Railways, 161
  • Public Health, Water and, 86
  • Pumps, Barker's, 2101
  • Roberts', 1056
  • and Marine Engines, Muntz's, 23
  • Purchas' Railway Brakes, 217
  • Purification of Water, 392
  • Pyronome to Supersede Gunpowder for Blasting, 300
  • Queensland, 380
  • Queen Victoria, the, 8. 147
  • Queen Victoria, Floating of, 77
  • Race, Decay of, 87
  • Rails, Wheels. and Axles, Samuel's and Train's, 21
  • Railway, Metropolitan, 335
  • South-Eastern, 834
  • West Midland, 290
  • Floating across the Forth and Tay Ferries, 2;7
  • Accidents. Ds, 19, 36, 48, 55, 59, 75, 161, 314, 393
  • Battery, 3":2
  • Bonfires, 377
  • Bridges, 266. 338
  • Chairs, Hendryckx's, 71
  • Detentions. 148
  • Dialects. 274
  • Hoist, the, 172
  • Material for India, 64
  • }Litters, 101, 115, 131, 155, 173,185, 203. 215, 232, 747, 259, 27::
  • in the United States, City, 7
  • Passengers' Assurance, 161
  • Tyres, 21s Working in France, 893

RAILWAY : 228

  • Birkenhead, Street, 12
  • Buenos Ayrean, 92
  • City, 174, 241
  • Foreign, 133, 152
  • French, 48, 80, 86, 114, 153, 311, 313, 385
  • Indian, 31t,, 389
  • Italian, 42. 89, 172, 2),:9
  • Manchester and Milford, 385
  • Now South Wales, 3
  • Portable, 136
  • Prussian, 161
  • Russian. 26
  • Severn Valley, 373
  • in the City, Proposed, 98
  • North America, 344
  • Proposed New, 20
  • and Railway Carriages, Higgin's, 174
  • Steamboats, 363
  • Street, 76, 119, 205, 121, 218, 240, 263, 264, 270, 290
  • Rain, Coloured, 61
  • Doctor, an English, 8
  • Table of the Fall of, 90
  • Ramsbottom’s Lubricating Apparatus, 317
  • Rangoon and Singapore Cube, 21, 28, 56, 76, 40,
  • Ratchet Spanner, Roberts', 170
  • Reaper, McCormick, Patent in America, 165
  • Reaping and Mowing Machines, Bamlett’s, 70
  • Red Sea, Exploration of, 219
  • Renwick’s Stuffing Boxes, 220
  • Surface Blow-offs, for Boilers, 231
  • Thrust Bearings, 217
  • Re-patenting Inventions. 76, 911 107
  • Report, Shaw, Thompson, and Moore’s Scotch Iron Market, 14
  • Reports, Factory. 144
  • Retorts, Charging and Drawing Gas, Green's Apparatus, 133
  • Revy's Screw Propeller, 116
  • Rifled Bolt, the Armstrong, 375
  • Cast Iron Cannon. 9
  • Service Guns, 53
  • Ordnance, by Capt. T. A. Blakesley, 251
  • Shell, Guns. 346
  • Rifle., Whitworth and Enfield, 302
  • Rigging, Thompson's, 187
  • Riley's, Mr., Paper on Iron. 349
  • Risca Colliery Explosion, 114
  • River Wandle, &c.. Rise and Fill of the, 68
  • Steamboats, 249
  • Rivers Polluting, Ali Rivetting Ships' Plates, 73, 82
  • Roberts' Pumps, 888
  • Ratchet Spanners, 170
  • Robertson and Hetherington's Mules for Spinning, 300
  • Robinson's Screw 6111 Apparatus for Combing Wool, 310
  • Boilers for Preparing Hemp and Flax, Fairbairn's, 230
  • Rolling or Drawing Metals, Evans' Apparatus, 387
  • of Ships, 117, 205
  • Rollinson's J. and W., Brakes for Winding Engines, 372
  • Rotary Planes, Newton's, 4
  • Rowan's Condensers 251
  • Expansion Steam Engines, Experimental Trial of, 67

ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY:

  • Island of Jesso, Mr. Consul P. Hodgson's Journeying in, 172
  • North Atlantic Telegraph, 68, 300

ROYAL INSTITUTION OF GREAT BRITAIN :—

  • Atmospheric Electricity, by Professor W. Thomson, D9, 113
  • Conservation of Force to Organic Nature. the Application of the Law of the, by Professor Helmholtz, F.R.S., 301, 315
  • Electrical Quantity and Intensity, by Latimer ,.ark, Esq., $2i Ouse% and Vapours on Radiant Heat, on the Action of by J. Tyndall, Esq., P.R.M., 197
  • Nature of the Deep Sea Bud, and the Presence) of Animal Lire at Vast, Depths in the Ocean, by Dr. G. C. Wallich, 271
  • On Mr. Warren De La Rue's Photographic Eclipse Results, by Professor Faraday. D.C.L., 343
  • Platinum, on, by Professor Faraday. D.C.L., 197
  • Relation of the Animal and Vegetable to the In-organic Kingdom, by W. K. Savoury, Esq., Y.R 8., 385
  • Study of the English Language, &e., by Rev. A. J. D D'Orsey, B.D., 1.8
  • Royal insurance Company's Almanack, 67
  • Royal Naval Engineers, 40, 105

ROYAL SOCIETY:

  • Light Radiated by Heated Bodies, by Balfour Stewart. Esq.,
  • Royal United Service Institution, 169,
  • Russell and Brown's Regulating Valve.
  • Russia doing on the Amour, What is, 87.5
  • Russian Navy, the, 333
  • Pacific Telegraph, 272
  • Railway stations, lit: 26
  • Telegraph from china to Europe, 189
  • Sabot for Elongated Rifle shot and Shell, Expanding. 205
  • Saloons for River Steamers, 282
  • Samuel and Train's Rails, W heels, and Axles, 201
  • Saud, New Method of Preserving Impressions in, 105
  • New Zealand Titanium, Isis, 292, 2'90
  • Sanitary Condition of Parts, 1.52
  • Sardinian Postal Service, 170
  • Saving Life from Shipwreck, 217, 274, 290
  • Savings' Bank in the Railway Service, II
  • Saw, the Band, 121, 13f,
  • Sawing Machines, Owen's, 274
  • Saxby’s Railway Points and Signals,
  • Scamping in Government Contracts, 101
  • Scarifying Land, Clay's Improvements, 71
  • Scheutz’s Rotatory Engines, 373
  • School of Art for Hertford, 86
  • Science at the Bottom of the Sea, 21
  • Scientific Jottings. 21, $9, 135
  • Scotch Pumping Engines, 283
  • for Railway Carriages, Worthington and Mills, 332
  • Reports, 15
  • Scotia, the, 30
  • Scottish Matters, 11, 21, 37, 61, 78, 89, VA, 160, 184, 200, 214

SCOTTISH SHIPBUILDERS ASSOCIATION:

  • Strength and other Properties Steel and Wrought Iron under Various Conditions, by Mr. Kirkaldy, 23
  • Screw Gill Apparatus for Combing Wool, Robinson's, 316
  • Stocks and Dies, Eades and Worstenholme's 372
  • Wrenches, Wilson's, :159
  • Sea in Ancient Times, Limits of, 77
  • Bed, Nature of the Deep, 271
  • and the Law!. 317
  • Serpents' Bites, Cure for, 274
  • Session, the Coming. 29
  • Severn Valley Railway, 373
  • Sewage, Deodorising, 48
  • Question, 10, 28. 44
  • Works, Leicester, 180, 290
  • Sewer, the Great Metropolitan, 248
  • Sowing Machine, the, 170
  • Tucking and Plaiting, 214
  • Shaping Metals, Dodd's Machinery, 187
  • Shaw, Thompson, and Moore's, Scotch Iron Market Report, 14
  • Shearing and Singeing Fabrics, Mather's, 320
  • Sheds for Volunteers, Drill, 14
  • Sheffield, Trade Case at, 31;r,
  • Shekel's Pistons, 13.s
  • Shells, Explosive. for Rifled Ordnance, 205
  • for Rifled Ordnance Expanding, 321
  • Shields, Explosion of a Locomotive Boiler at, 130
  • Shipbuilding, the Clyde, 291, 305
  • awl Engineering Inventions, 222
  • Repairing, 116
  • on the Tyne, Iron, 110
  • Shipping, Progress of Steam, 357
  • Returns, 342
  • Shipwreck, Life Lines in, 101
  • Saving Life from, 217, 276, '20 (

Ships,

  • the Admiralty and Iron, 17.:
  • Armour cased, 27
  • Iron, Classification of, 198
  • Iron-cased, 202
  • and Great Eastern, 121
  • War, 120, 140
  • Iron-clad, 152
  • and Projectiles, 252
  • Iron-plate 1, 6, 12, 24, 174, 334, 877
  • Iron, Unsinkable, 198
  • War, 137, 307, 349
  • Navy, Iron-cased, 389
  • Rolling of, 147, 206
  • Steam, Demand for, 358
  • Strength of Iron, 91
  • Strengthening of, 7
  • of War, Iron-Cased, Cola's, 102
  • Welding Iron, 1$$
  • Ships' Compass Question, 102
  • Platen, iiivetting,711
  • Shot, Correct Form of Elongated, 73
  • Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway Accident, 10, 65
  • Siemen’s Gas Engines, 233
  • Signals, Domestic, Thorn's, 4
  • and Points, Railway, Saxby's, 152
  • Silvester's Steam-pressure and Vacuum (huge, 817
  • Singeing, Sheering, and Fabrics, Mather's, )520
  • Skate-Makers, Suggestion to, 43
  • Skinner awl Miller's Cranes, 288
  • Slats-dressing Machine, (heave's, 302
  • Slide Valves, 27, 69, 75, 01, 105, 119
  • Slotting Drill. the, 91. 121, 172, 188
  • Smoke, the Nature of, ZS9
  • Nuisance, 211, 242
  • Prevention, 164
  • In the Navy, 172

SOCIETY OF ARTS:—

  • American implements and Economic Contrivances, by C. W. Eddy, M.A., 213, 228
  • Exhibition, 213
  • Filtration and Filtering Media, by J. G. Dahlke '17'!
  • Hudson's Bay Territories, by Mr. J. K. Isbister, M.A 1'4)
  • Photography in Enamel Colours, by Mr. F. Joubert, 335
  • Present Condition of the Writer Supply of London, by Geo. K. Burnell, C.E., 100, 114

SOCIETY OF ENGINEERS:: —

  • Conversazione at Exeter Hall, 3',9
  • Fire Clay Manufactures, by W. H. Stephenson, 10;7
  • Iron. Manufacture of, by 1'1. Riley, P.C.$., 329
  • Superheating Apparatus, by Mr. P. F. Nursey, 227, 243, 301
  • South Eastern Railway, 334
  • South Kensington Museum, 20, 47, 64, 74, 131,173, 1$;.:, 199, 247, 264, 284, 306. 820
  • Southport Pier Company, 14, 149

SOUTH WALES INSTITUTE OF CIVIL ENGINEERS:—

  • Coal Lost in Working. a Large Proportion of, 119
  • Lamp, Miners' Safety and Improved, 119
  • South Wales Iron and Coal Trade, 362
  • South Western Railway Accident, 167, 161, 168
  • Soundings, New Apparatus for Deep Sea, 3
  • Preparing, Objects found in, 68
  • Spanish Frigates, 230
  • Speed of Tract!. u Engines, 218
  • Spindles of Doubling Frames, Webster's, 333
  • Spinning, Machinery (or, Higgins and Whitworth's,S2
  • and Twisting, Clarks, Pollock, and White's, 303
  • Springs, Buffer, Henson's, 156
  • Stafford Station, the, 144
  • Stained 014115, 256
  • Stations, Russian Railway, 116
  • Statistics of 1860, Vital, 278

Steam Blast,

  • Steam Navigation in 1824, 91
  • on Common Roads, IA Cultivation, 285
  • Dredging Vessel, Diligent, vA8
  • Economy, 139
  • Essay on, 317
  • Expansion of, 134
  • Expansively, Working, 108, pot and Gold Mining, 379
  • Hammer, Great, 218
  • Machinery, Best Combination of. 216
  • Nature and Action of, in Relation to Boiler Explosions, 213
  • Navigation Scheme, New, :14
  • Ploughing, 391
  • Ram Resistance. 34
  • Train for the Ganges, 89
  • The Use of, 221
  • Steamboat Explosion, 372
  • Improved, 299
  • Ventilation. SI
  • Steamboats and Railways, 363
  • River, YA2
  • Steamer Diamantina, Trial of Paddle Wheel, 6'.'
  • Dispatch, Trial of, 147
  • hums of a Screw, 41$
  • Steamers, French to China, 9S French in the Kist, 311
  • The Galway, M
  • Iron-Cased War, 45
  • River, American, 10
  • Saloons for River, 2*2
  • Steamship Economy, 318
  • Line, New American, 270
  • Steamship Paddle-Floats, 112
  • Steam Shipping, Progress of. 357
  • Steel, 225
  • Cast, Manufacture of, 274
  • Chemistry of, M. Fremy's, 847, 360
  • Explained, 318
  • the Formation and Compositing, 238, 277, 304, 805, 318
  • Cyanogen, 262
  • Guns. 225
  • Manufactory, Practice, Theory of, 290
  • and Wrought iron, Strength and Properties of, 233
  • Stephenson, George, at Darlington in 1823, 287
  • Stewart's Moulds for Casting, 245
  • Stirling's Air Engine. 83
  • Stoddart's Balanced Slide Valves, 190
  • Stokes and Others v. the Eastern Counties Railway Company, 27, 40
  • Stone Breaking Machine, 7
  • and Glass, The Unite, 246
  • Preserving of, Westminster Palace, 113, 121
  • Stonework, to Preserve, 293
  • Strength of Wire Ropes and Chains, 51, 67
  • Street Railroads, Cast Iron, 7
  • Railways, 75, 119, 121, 205, 218, 235, '216, 263, 264, 270, 290
  • Traffic of London, the Best Means of Relieving it, '229
  • Strike at Belper, Horse Nail Makers, 18
  • Strikes in Franco, 14
  • Study of the English Language, &c., 148
  • Submarine Cables, 118, 875. 388
  • Operations, Madras, 370
  • Telegraphs, 891
  • Suez Canal, 4, 320, 830
  • Sugar, Maple, the, 87
  • Sul) him in Coal Gas, 199
  • Sulphuric Acid, 338
  • Summers, Periodical Return of Warm, 77
  • Sun, Structure of the Luminous Envelope of the, 184
  • Superheated Steam, 279, 821
  • Superheating Apparatus, 227, 248, 251, 270, 301
  • Supplying Water to the Tenders of Locomotives whilst Running. 89
  • Surface Condensation, 183, 191, 198, 308
  • Surface Condensers, 218, 283
  • Williamson and Perkins, 275, 285
  • Suspension Bridges, 280
  • Sweet's Railway Chairs, 230
  • Taps for Liquids, Petrie's, 260
  • Tariff, American, 186
  • Tariffs, Foreign, 101
  • Taylor's Boat Lowering Apparatus, 289
  • Telegraph to America, 57, 88, 118, 157, 1s0, 202, 219, 288, 263, 276
  • Telegraph to Malta and Alexandria, 256, 263, 376
  • North Atlantic, 68, 100
  • Russian, from China to Europe, 180
  • Pacific. 272
  • Universal, Professor Wheatstone's, 21
  • the Universal Private, 103
  • Printing, in France, 302
  • Telegraphs, Submarine, 391
  • Telegraphic Cables. 9
  • Telegraphy. Ocean. 120, 122, 123, 189, 251
  • as a Branch of Education for the Young, 170
  • Telford, Thomas, 835
  • Tenders, 82
  • Ten Hours' Movement, 239
  • Testimony, an Old, 219
  • Thames Embankment, 9, 59, 87, 2.56, 277, 291
  • and Railway, 291, 309, 371, 875
  • Theatres of Europe, the, 90
  • Thermo-Dynamics, a Problem in, 279, 807
  • Theory, a New, 90
  • Thompson and Fitton's Boring and Turning Engines, 376
  • Thompson's Rigging, 187
  • Thom's Domestic Signals, 4
  • Timber Railway 13ridges, 120
  • Time-Gun at Edinburgh Castle, 230, 260
  • Times " Past" and Times " Present," a Contrast, 118
  • Tin, 89
  • Tinning Iron, Now Process, 815
  • Tobacco Machinery, White's, 4
  • Tonning Explosion, the, 14
  • Trade Case at Sheffield, 365
  • Coal 116, 246, 257, 820, 384
  • Export, 843
  • The Foreign Locomotive,,302
  • with Franco, 317
  • Iron, Wiltshire, 283
  • a New Field for, 281
  • Marks, 120
  • with North America, 832
  • Pig Iron. 314
  • South Wales Iron and Coal, 362
  • Traffic, Anticipated Increase of, at Hungerford Terminus, 74
  • English and French, 281
  • French Railway, 153, 174, 198
  • Receipts, Railway, 306
  • Returns, 11, 87, 828
  • Train for the Ganges, Steam, 89
  • Tramrail for Street Railways, Burn's, 303, 344
  • Transitions of Curvature, Junction of Railway Curves at, by Mr. W. Froude, .17, 129, 149
  • Transversals to Engineering Field Works, on the Application of, 2
  • Traye's Steam Boilers, 102
  • Trial of the :Roamer Dispatch, 147
  • Trisection of Angles, 804, 321, 834, 346, 361, 875
  • Loaves, 06
  • Tubular Boilers, 41, 73
  • Till Fall of a hallway, 180
  • under Hyde Park, 2.8
  • through Mount Cenis, 73
  • Tunnelling, 172, 315
  • In Sand, 277
  • Tunnels, Standedge and Woodhead, 378
  • Turner and Gibson's Bridges, 136
  • Tylor's Heating and Aerating Apparatus, 344
  • Tyres and Horse Shoes, India-rubber, 91
  • Setting, 182
  • Railway, '218
  • Railway and Frost, 133
  • Railway Wheel, 188
  • United Kingdom Electric Telegraph Company, 14
  • States Patent Law, 77
  • Unsinkable Iron Ships, 198
  • Unwin and Askham's Saloon Barrel Pistol Knife, 386
  • Upward's Boring and Tapping Pipes, 8
  • Valve, Balanced, for Locomotives, 106
  • Regulating, Russell and Brown's, MO Slide, 27. 59, 75, 91, 105, 119
  • Balanced, Stoddart's, 190
  • Stop, Beck's, 358
  • Thottle and Expansion, Murton and Millington's 274
  • and Valve Gear, Newton's, 55
  • Van Kirk's Oil Lamps, 260
  • Variable Blast Pipe, the, 279, 29:3
  • Vegetable and Animal to the Inorganic Kingdom, Relation of the. 385
  • Ventilation, Steamboat, 86
  • Ventilators, Cook's, 872
  • Viaduct, Crumlin, 304, :334
  • Vices Ibbotson's, 71
  • Victoria Bridge at Pimlico, 271
  • Falls, the, 261
  • Station and Pimlico Railway Bridge over the Thames, 352
  • Warehouse, Now, Messrs. Chaplin and Home's, 87
  • Warming and Moistening Air, Gurney's Apparatus for, 187
  • Warrior and Black Prince, Machinery of, 214
  • Engines of, 45
  • the French Society of Civil Engineers and the, 229
  • Launch of, 8
  • Slow Progress of, 283
  • Weight or the. 26
  • Warry's Breech-loading Cannon, 277
  • Washing Machinery, Bodmer's, 86
  • Wringing, and Mangling Machines, James', 1:32
  • Water as a Fuel in Making Iron, 358
  • Water, Freezing, Thawing, and Evaporation of, 151
  • Heat and, 177
  • and Public Health, 86
  • Purification of, 892
  • Supply of London, Present Condition of, 100, 114
  • to the Fenders of Locomotives whilst Running Supply of, 80
  • Wave Line, the, 238. 279
  • Principle of Ship Construction, 198
  • Webb's Breakwaters and Piers, 74
  • Webster's Spindles of Doubling Frames, 838. weirs or Dams, Protection of, 88
  • Welding Iron, 188
  • Ships, 188
  • of Malleable Iron, by James Nasmyth, Esq., C.E., 145
  • Well for the Horticultural Garden Cascades, 206
  • Wells, Boring, 221, 235
  • Wellman's Carding Engines, 248
  • Welsh Coal Trade, 161
  • Wendell's Axle-boxes. 359
  • Wenham's Stefan Engines, 116
  • West Midland Railway, 290
  • Wheatstone's, Professor, Universal Telegraph, 21
  • Wheel Guards for Locomotive Engines, 154
  • Tyres, Solid Railway, 188
  • Wheels, Railway, Wilson's, 880
  • White's Tobacco Machinery. 4
  • Whitworth and Enfield Rifles, 392
  • Gun, the, 84
  • Ordnance, the, 129
  • Williamson and Perkins' Surface Condensers, 275, 285
  • Wilson s Knitting Machinery, 171
  • Railway Wheels, 386
  • Screw Wrenches, 359
  • Wiltshire Iron Trade, 283
  • Winding Reels, Self-acting Machine, 285
  • Windmill for Irrigation, 195
  • Wire, Iron, Cause of the Lessor Strength when Heated, 67
  • Ropes and Chains, Strength of, 51, 67
  • Wood, John and Charles, Naval Architects, the Late, 168
  • Machinery. Greenwood and Batley's, 57
  • Woodhouse's Instrument for Measuring Distances, 387
  • Woolwich, 23
  • Wootton, Railway Accident at, 889
  • Workmen, French, and their Tools, 60
  • Unlawful Threats by, 52
  • Works in India, Plume, 885
  • Main Drainage, 34
  • Metropolitan Board of, 274
  • Work and Workers, Relation of, 151
  • Worthington and Mills' Scotch for Railway Carriages 332
  • Wrenches, Screw, Wilson's, 859
  • Young's Apparatus for Cleaning Grain, 8

See Also

Loading...

Sources of Information