1851 Great Exhibition: Official Catalogue: Class IX.: Garrett and Son
142. GARRETT and SON, Leiston Works, Saxmundham, Suffolk — Inventors and Manufacturers.
1. Drill for seeding and manuring land. All kinds of grain and seeds may be deposited by this machine at any required intervals apart, and at any depth, either with or without compost or artificial manures. They are con8tructed of various sizes and widths, to suit lands ploughed on the flat or in ridges, and suited for all descriptions of soil. The corn or seeds may be deposited down the same conductors with the manure if required; but separate coulters are provided for each, by means of which the manure may be buried 2 or 3 inches deeper than the seed, and 10 to 12 inches in advance of it, and a portion of mould placed between them. The jointed levers are especially adapted for this purpose, the coulters for seed acting independently of those for manure, and being pressed into the ground by separate weights, allow both seed and manure to be deposited regularly any depth, on all descriptions of land, however hilly or uneven. The improvements claimed consist, first— in constructing the boxes in which the manure and seed are contained, so as to be equally suitable for drilling on side hills as on level ground. Secondly— in the application of separate slides to each department of the manure box. Thirdly— in fixing the slides which regulate the seed to a horizontal bar, extending the width of the drill.
2. Drill for turnips and manure on the flat. This drill is made to deposit two, three, or four rows of turnips or other seeds with compost, or artificial fertilisers, on either flat or ridged ploughed lands. It is fitted with separate seed boxes for each row, which are fixed to a horizontal bar, and may be shifted to suit the varied intervals between the rows, so as to come directly under the delivering spouts, and allow them to work freely. These small boxes arc partitioned off into two departments, one larger than the other, that when drilling beet and turnip seeds together, sufficient of each to last an equal time may be put into the boxes at once. This drill is also adapted for side hills, like No. 1.
3. A lever corn and seed drill. This drill is for the purpose of drilling in rows, at any distance apart, wheat, barley, beans, peas, oats, and other grain, and by changing the cup barrel, turnips or mangold-wurzel seeds without manure. It is fitted with a swing steerage, that when drilling lands or ridges of twice the width of the drill, the two rows where the drill joins on the top, may be kept equidistant with the rest.
4. Drill for small farms — adapted for drilling all kinds of grain, turnips, and other seeds: the quantities may be regulated by means of cog wheels, to deposit from 2 to 12 pecks of grain, or from 1 to 6 lbs. of seed per acre. The distance of the rows apart may be varied as required, from 6 inches upwards, to suit different crops; and the whole arrangement of the working parts is completely within the management of the attendant. The drill is especially made for lands ploughed on the flat, and to the draught of one horse.
5. Barrow hand seed-drill, for sowing grass seeds broadcast. The box is made in two departments, one for heavy seeds, such as clover, trefoil, etc.; the other for lighter seeds, such as rye grass: the former being delivered from cups, and the latter by means of revolving brushes, down the same conductors with it.
6. Hand lever seed-drill, for sowing turnips and other seeds, on ridge or flat ploughed lands, without manure. It is constructed with two small levers, working independently of each other, which may be varied in distance from 16 to 30 inches apart, and will deposit from 2 to 6 pints of turnip, and 2 to 6lbs. of beet seed per acre.
7. Garrett's patent horse-hoe—adapted to all the prevailing methods of drill culture, either for cleansing crops drilled on the level surface, or on ridges, the axle- trees of the wheels being moveable at both ends to suit the varied intervals between the rows of plants. The steerage is considered an improvement on account of its precision in guiding the hoes without injury to the corn or plants. From 10 to 15 acres per day may be hoed with one horse, and a man and boy. (See fig)
8. Bolting thrashing machine, for thrashing grain of all descriptions, without injury to the same, or bruising the straw, like the flail. It is fed lengthways instead of vertically, as in other machines; and the straw is delivered on to a lattice platform, ready to be tied up in trusses or bolts for sale, or other particular purposes.
9. Patent thrashing machine for barn work; adapted for thrashing all kinds of grain without damaging the corn or straw, thrashing from 60 to 70 bushels of wheat per hour when applied to steam power.
10. Patent thrashing machine, with registered straw shaker and riddle. This machine is adapted for thrashing grain of all descriptions in large quantities, and may be applied to steam, water, or horse power; it is fitted with a screen for the purpose of riddling away all loose ears, short straws, rubbish, leaf, and calder, leaving the corn ready for the dressing machine, without further preparation; and with a registered straw shaker, for separating the corn from the straw, which is by this means done much more effectually than by the usual process by hand. Barley may also be thrashed for malting purposes with these machines, and in many cases is preferred by maltsters to that thrashed by hand. The whole of the machine may be mounted on travelling wheels and conveyed from place to place with two horses.
11, Horse-power driving machinery for thrashing machines. This machinery is adapted to the power of six horses, for driving the thrashing machine barn works, Nos. 8 and 9.
12. A portable steam-engine for agricultural purposes. Exhibited for simplicity of construction, economy in fuel, and portability. It is fitted with governors, hair, felt, and iron jacket, steam and water gauges, and other necessary apparatus, mounted on four strong carriage- wheels, with shafts and is adapted for driving machinery, for the purposes of thrashing, dressing, grinding, and cutting agricultural produce, pumping water, sawing timber, and other stationary labour on a farm or estate.
13. A barley aveller or hummelling machine. This machine is fitted for horse or steam power, but may be used by hand if required. It is for the purpose of rubbing the horns or avels off barley (which it performs in an expeditious manner), and screening away all loose rubbish from the corn, leaving the kernels clean and the sample perfect.
14. A corn-dressing machine, worked by steam, horse, or hand power. It is particularly suited for receiving the corn from the thrashing machine, No. 10, which it will dress in one operation at the rate of 12 to 15 quarters per hour.
15. Patent chaff-cutter, adapted for horse or steam power. It may be altered by means of toothed wheels to cut chaff 3/8, 1/2 or 3/4 inch long. The rollers are so constructed as to adjust themselves to any thickness of feed, and act independently of the mouthpiece or pressure-plate, so as always to keep a uniform pressure on the hay or straw, and prevent the machine from choking.
16. Portable stone mill for grinding wheat and other farm produce: the stones are 32 inches diameter, and enclosed in a metal and wood framing; the top stone is hung on an upright shaft, and worked by a pair of bevel wheels, from which the attachment may be made to either steam, water, or horse power: its construction admits of the stones being adjusted for grinding wheat, barley, beans, and peas. A late improvement consists in the application of a clutch box to the small feed roller, which affords great facility in starting the machine, by allowing this roller to be taken out of work, and admits of the process of crushing being instantly discontinued without stopping the mill.
17. A linseed, malt, and oat mill, fitted in an iron frame, and is for the purposes above mentioned; the crushing being performed between the smooth surface of a large wheel, 4 feet diameter, and a small smooth roller.
18. A rape and linseed cake crusher, for the purpose of breaking cakes of any size and thickness. It is fitted with two sets of barrels which may be adjusted, as required, to break cake into different-sized pieces for bullocks or sheep, or powder for manure: a screen is fixed between these barrels, through which as much of the cake as is sufficiently broken in passing through the first is sifted, to insure uniformity of size, and to avoid the unnecessary labour occasioned by that which is sufficiently broken passing through the bottom rollers with that which is not.
19. Iron plough for general purposes, made with wrought-iron beam and handles, and cast-iron body, and may be adapted for all descriptions of soil, by having suitable mould-boards or breasts. It is fitted with improved coulter and fastening, and case-hardened shares.
20. Hand-power chaff-cutter, for small occupations, to be worked by one or two boys or men. It is made with a 12-inch box and 10-inch mouthpiece, and will cut 30 to 40 bushels an hour.
21. Corn-dressing machine, intended for all kinds of grain and seeds, and is adapted for hand labour: a man and a boy will dress from 6 to 8 quarters of wheat per hour, depending its quality and condition. This machine may also be used as a blower when required, for separating all light kernels, dirt, etc., from the corn.
22. Corn-reaping machine, of new construction, adapted for reaping wheat and other grain by horse power: the operation is performed by a series of angular knives, intersecting a like series of stationary iron tines or points: a vibrating horizontal motion is communicated to these knives by means of a crank shaft, and as the corn is driven by the motion of the machine between the tines, it is cut with cleanness and regularity. As much as 20 acres per day may be reaped with one horse and a man.
23. Models of agricultural machinery. Specimens of coprolite and grass seeds.
24. Set of iron harrows. These harrows are constructed with wrought iron, with the ends of the balks turned round to prevent injury to the horses.
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