Henry Fowler
From GracesGuide
Sir Henry Fowler (July 29, 1870–October 16, 1938) was a Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Midland Railway and subsequently the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.
Fowler was born in Evesham, Worcestershire, on July 29, 1870. His father, also called Henry was a furniture dealer, and his family were Quakers. He was educated at Prince Henry's High School, Evesham, and at Mason Science College, Birmingham between 1885 and 1887 where he studied metallurgy. He served an apprenticeship under John Aspinall at the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR)'s Horwich Works from 1887 to 1891. He then spent four years in the Testing Department under George Hughes, whom he succeeded as Head of the Department.
Between 1895 and 1900 he was Gas Engineer of the L&YR, moving in June 18, 1900 to the Midland Railway (MR). On November 1, 1905 he became Assistant Works Manager, being promoted to Works Manager two years later. In 1909 he succeeded Richard Deeley as Chief Mechanical Engineer (CME) of the MR.
Between 1915 and 1919 Fowler was employed on war work at Factory Superintendent with the Royal Aircraft Factory and James Anderson became acting CME.
1918. He left the Royal Aircraft Factory and became Assistant Director of Aircraft Production under Sir William Weir.
In 1920, Fowler was knighted for his contributions to the war effort.
The Royal Scot, built under Fowler's direction for use on the West Coast Main Line between London and Glasgow. Photographed prior to its tour of the USA in 1933.
In 1923 on the Grouping, he was appointed deputy CME of the newly-formed London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS), under George Hughes and became CME in October 1925.
Along with Anderson, Fowler was responsible for the adoption by the LMS of the Midland's small engine policy. Various Midland standard types were built by the LMS, including the 4P Midland Compound 4-4-0, the 2P 4-4-0, the 4F 0-6-0, and the 3F 0-6-0T. The small engine policy resulted in frequent double-heading, as the locomotives were not powerful enough to cope with loads, and thus increased expense. Standardisation also left these standard locomotives with short-travel valves and small axle boxes, the former leading to inefficiency and the latter to frequent hot axle boxes.
In 1928, the LMS introduced the Royal Scot 4-6-0 express passenger locomotive, based on the SR Lord Nelson Class.
In another departure from the small engine policy, several 2-6-0+0-6-2 Beyer-Garratts were acquired for the Toton-Brent coal trains but interference from Derby saw these receive standard small axles boxes and short travel valves with the result that they were poor performers.
Sir Henry retired in 1933, Ernest Lemon initially taking over as CME for a short period before William Stanier was head-hunted into the job from the Great Western Railway. Stanier was to reform LMS locomotive policy.
Sir Henry died in 1938.
Obituary [1]
Henry Fowler was born in 1870 and was educated at Mason Science College, Horwich Railway Mechanics Institute and Manchester Technical School, obtaining a Whitworth Exhibition in 1891.
His practical training was received in the Locomotive Works of the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway, following which he was appointed Assistant, and subsequently in charge of the Test Office of the Company.
In 1900 he received his first appointment with the Midland Railway as Experimental Engineer, and was subsequently Assistant Works Manager, Works Manager, and finally Chief Mechanical Engineer.
During the War he was Superintendent of the Royal Aircraft Factory at Farnborough, and was subsequently appointed Director of Production at the Ministry of Munitions, his services in this capacity being recognized by a Knighthood. He died on 16th October, 1938, at the age of 68.
He was elected a Member of the Institution of Automobile Engineers in 1916 and was President during the Session 1920-21.
[edit] See Also
[edit] Sources of Information
- ↑ Proceedings of the Institution of Automobile Engineers Vol 33. 1938-39
- [1] Wikipedia
